Ionic and Metallic Bonds

Ions

100

Define Valence Electrons

Electrons in the highest (outermost) energy level of an element's atoms.

200

How are groups in the periodic table related to the number of valence electrons?

(for representative elements)

The group number tells you the number of valence electrons elements in that specific group have

300

How many valence electrons are in groups 1A, 3A, 5A, and 7A?

1,3,5,7 valence electrons respectively

400

What is an electron dot structure and give an example of 3 elements' dot structure

They are diagrams of elements with dots around them that symbolize the number of valence electrons they have.

Examples vary according to student's answer

500

Explain the octet rule and how it works for metals and non-metals. Give examples

when forming compounds the octet rule is where atoms tend to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas which is 8 electrons in the highest energy level. 

For metals, this is achieved generally by losing electrons, and for nonmetals, this is achieved by gaining electrons. 

Examples vary depending of student's answers.

Ionic Bonds

100

An ionic bod is a bond between...

a metal and a nonmetal

200

An ion of Ca (Ca 2+) has the same electron configuration as what noble gas?

Argon  (Ar) which is the closest noble gas to calcium

300

The general dot structure   X :   could represent what element, name 3 elements it could represent (mention any 3 it could represent)

Any elements in group 2A

400

Mention three properties of ionic compounds

High melting points, solid at room temperature, brittle and hard, form crystals, don't conduct electricity when solid, good conductors of electricity when dissolved in water.

500

Which pair of elements are likely to form an ionic compound? Write the formula, draw the dot structure diagram, the ion formula of each element

a) C, O

b) N, I

c) Li, Cl

Li⁺      Cl^-     formulas for ions

LiCl           chemical formula

Dot structure ( see whiteboard)

Metallic Bonds

100

What is a metallic bond?

A bond between a metal and another metal

200

Mention three properties of metallic compounds

Good conductors of electricity and heat, malleable, ductile, shiny luster.

300

Explain why valence electrons in metal atoms can be modeled as a sea of electrons

Valence electrons are mobile (free floating), they move freely from one part of the metal to another part of the metal attracting cations that hold metals together.

400

What is an alloy? Give 2 examples

Alloys are mixtures composed of two or more elements, at least one is a metal. Sterling Silver and Bronze are examples of alloys

500

How does the sea-of-electrons model account for many of the physical properties of metals, such as conductors of electricity, malleability, etc?

a) metals are good conductors  of electricity because electrons can flow freely in metals.

b) metals are malleable and ductile because of the high mobility of electrons when metals are subjected to pressure cations can easily slide past one another.

Chemical Formulas

100

What is the formula of Li and Cl combined together?

LiCl

200

atoms of Sr and O would be expected to react in ratio of 

1:1

300

What are the formulas for ...

a) Rb ion

b) Se ion

c) P ion

a) Rb ¹⁺

b) Se ^2-

c) P ^3-

400

The chemical formula of the ionic compound formed when elements Ca and N react is

Ca₃N₂

500

What are the chemical formulas for...

K and I

Be and  S

Ra and F

KI

BeS

RaF₂

Miscellaneous

100

Which of these is the anion:

Al³⁺        Ba²⁺       At^1-

At^1-

200

What largely determines the chemical properties of an element?

number of valence electrons

300

Which atom is most likely to form an +1 ion

O, Al, Na, Ca

Na ¹⁺

400

Mention what  group of elements are most likely to form ions with 

a) charge 2+

b) charge 2-

c) charge 3+

a) group 2A

b) group 6A

c) group 3A

500

Why do noble gases are like Jesus. Explain the analogy

Noble gases are the most stable elements, they are not very reactive because they have 8 electrons in the highest energy level. All other elements want to attain 8 electrons (octet rule) so they all want to be like the noble gases. We all want to be like Jesus and want to be transformed to be like him.