Naming
Writing Formulas
Vocab/Terms/Chemical Bonds
Metallic Bonds
Periodic Trends
100
What is a polyatomic ion?
ions made up of more than one atom (example: OH- is hydroxide--made of a hydrogen and oxygen atom)
100
How many atoms of chlorine are in MgCl2?
2
100
What is the most stable electron configuration?
noble gas--8 valence electrons
100
What is the name of the model where all metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons together?
electron sea model
100
How many valence electrons are in group 17 (halogens)?
7
200
If the compound is binary (made of only 2 different atoms), how do you name the anion?
Drop the ending and add -ide
200
Oxidation number is the charge of a monatomic ion. What is the oxidation number of sodium?
+1
200
What is a positive ion called and how is it formed?
A cation; formed when valence electrons are removed
200
What are electrons which are free to move called?
delocalized electrons
200
What happens to atomic radius as you move down a group?
Increases--electrons are added to higher principal energy levels
300
Name the following compound: NaBr
sodium bromide
300
Transition metals often have more than one oxidation number. How do you determine the charge when given the formula?
Look at the overall charge of the anion it is paired with. Then look at the formula to determine how many atoms of the cation are present. Figure the charge on one atom to make the compound neutral.
300
How does an ionic bond form?
When anions and cations close to each other attract and form a crystal lattice.
300
Why are boiling points of metals so high?
Atoms must be separated from the group of cations and electrons when moving from a liquid to a gas, which requires much more energy.
300
What happens to atomic radius as you move across a period?
The atomic radius decreases. Each successive element has an additional proton and electron, but the electrons are in the same principle energy level (they're not getting further away from the nucleus).
400
Name the following: Ag2CrO4
silver chromate
400
Write the formula for aluminum sulfide?
Al2S3
400
Which compound has more lattice energy--KI or KBr? Why?
KBr--Smaller ions generally have more lattice energy because the nucleus is closer and thus has more attraction for valence electrons. Br is smaller than I, so therefore requires more energy to separate.
400
What is an alloy?
A mixture of elements that has metallic properties--often mixed for a difference in properties (such as strength) from the original metal
400
When atoms gain electrons and form negative ions, what happens to the radius?
The radius increases due to electrostatic repulsion (negatives repel negatives)
500
Name the following: Cu(NO3)2
copper (II) nitrate
500
lead (II) cyanide
Pb(CN)2
500
What is an electrolyte?
An ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current.
500
What is a substitutional alloy?
Atoms of the original metallic solid are replaced by other metal atoms of similar size.
500
What is the trend with electronegativity within periods and groups?
Electronegativity generally decreases as you move down a group and increases as you move left to right across a period; lowest electronegativities in lower left, while highest electronegativities are in the upper right
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