scientific term
Formed when two atoms share valance electrons.
Covalent bond
What physical state are ionic compounds typically found in?
Ionic compounds are usually solid at room temperature.
What happens to the metal atom in ionic bond formation?
The metal atom loses electrons and becomes a positively charged ion (cation).
How do you write the formula of an ionic compound?
Write the symbol of the cation first, then the anion, and balance the charges to make the compound neutral.
What is ionic bonding?
Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) resulting from the transfer of electrons.
Shows the arrangement of valence shell electrons.
Lewis structure
Do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
Ionic compounds conduct electricity when melted or dissolved in water because ions are free to move.
What happens to the non-metal atom in ionic bond formation?
The non-metal atom gains electrons and becomes a negatively charged ion (anion).
What is lattice energy?
Lattice energy is the energy released when gaseous ions combine to form an ionic solid, indicating bond strength.
How are ions formed?
Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons. Metals typically lose electrons to become cations, and non-metals gain electrons to become anions.
The measure of an atoms attraction for electrons
Electronegativity
What is the melting point of ionic compounds like?
Ionic compounds tend to have high melting and boiling points due to strong ionic bonds.
What is an example of an ionic bond?
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a classic example, where Na loses one electron and Cl gains one electron.
How does ionic radius affect bonding?
Smaller ions can get closer together, increasing the electrostatic force and bond strength.
What types of elements form ionic bonds?
Ionic bonds generally form between metals and non-metals.
Two electrons in a chemical bond.
Bonding electrons
Are ionic compounds soluble in water?
Many ionic compounds are soluble in water because water molecules stabilize the ions.
Why do metals lose electrons easily?
Metals have few electrons in their outer shell and low ionization energy, making it easier to lose electrons.
Can ionic compounds conduct electricity in solid form?
No, because ions are fixed in the lattice and cannot move freely.
What is the octet rule in ionic bonding?
Atoms tend to lose or gain electrons to have a full outer shell of 8 electrons, achieving stability.
Electrons found in the outermost shell of an atom.
Valence
What is the structure of ionic compounds?
Ionic compounds form a crystalline lattice structure where ions are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern.
Why do non-metals gain electrons?
Non-metals have high electronegativity and tend to gain electrons to complete their outer shell.
What role do electrons play in ionic bonding?
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in ion formation and bonding due to attraction.
Are ionic bonds strong or weak?
Ionic bonds are generally strong due to the strong electrostatic forces between the oppositely charged ions.