IPE3
which part of the vertebra is considered the weight bearing portion?
the body
the cervical intervertebral foramen projects anteriorly at an angle of_____?
45 degrees
the soft, semi-gelatinous central portion of an intervertebral disc is called the____?
nucleus pulposus
position instruction for a lateral projection of the cervical spine include______?
patient may be erect or supine, shoulder depressed as much as possible.
for the AP axial projection of the cervical spine to demonstrate intervertebral disc spaces, the central ray should be directed________?
15-20 degree's cephalad.
the opening through which the spinal cord passes is the_____?
vertebral foramen
which of the following vertebral areas have a lordotic curve?
cervical and lumbar
the recommended kVp range for an AP and oblique cervical spine projection is_______?
85 kVp
which cervical vertebra projection demonstrates the spinous processes as elevated and widely separated?
lateral projection, hyper-flexion method.
the AP axial projection of the cervical spine should be demonstrated on which vertebra?
C3-T2
an increase concave curvature of the T-spine is known as______?
Kyphosis
which of the following vertebral areas have a kyphotic curve?
thoracic, sacrum and coccyx
which of the following trauma cervical spine projections/positions must be performed first?
lateral, horizontal form (cross-table lateral C-spine)
which of the following procedures would be performed for a lateral projection (swimmer's method) to demonstrate the cervicothoracic region?
which of the following evaluation criteria apply to the AP axial projection of the cervical spine?
1. intervertebral disc spaces open.
2. spinous processes should be demonstrated through midline of cervical vertebrae
which of the following are considered primary vertebral curvatures?
thoracic and pelvic
the short, thick processes that project posteriorly on each side of the vertebral body are called the_____?
pedicles
where is the central ray directed for a lateral C-spine projection?
C4
for a lateral projection (swimmer's method) which of the following procedures are true?
1. patient placed in lateral recumbent or erect
2. use 40 inch SID
3.angle central ray 3-5 degrees caudad.
which radiograph baseline should be perpendicular to the receptor when positioning for an AP projection, open mouth C1 and C2?
line extending from occlusal plane to mastoid tip
the cervical spine has a ______ curvature?
lordotic
the zygapophyseal joints of the thoracic spine form an angle of how many degrees with the midsagittal plane?
70-75 degrees
the SID for a lateral cervical spine must be a minimum of how many inches?
60-70 inches.
for a lateral projection (swimmer's method) of the cervical thoracic vertebra, in which direction to what point should the CR be directed?
angle CR 5 degrees caudad to C7
which of the following methods is used to supplement an improperly positioned odontoid image?
Fuchs method