We do not take the personal knowledge of a player into account for applying penalties and infractions, but we can for this reason.
Investigations IPG 1.0
This penalty is used when a player looks at extra cards unintentionally.
What is... LEC...?
Kinda a freebee O.o Do I really need to cite this one
These are the policies and procedures for managing unruly players.
What are USC-Minor, USC-Major, and USC-Aggressive Behaviour? IPG 4.0
These are the two types of ways we can fix something that has happened in the game that shouldn't have, after conferring with an AJ or HJ.
What are partial and full backup IPG 1.4, 2.5
These two types of infractions are frequently confused and may have fixes applied incorrectly as a result, both of which result from a card being in a place it shouldn't be.
What are HCE and LEC (Sometimes HCE and GRV) Pure speculation
These penalties do not need to be reported to the Head Judge under most circumstances.
What are Warnings, Tardiness GL, Decklist Problem GL IPG 1.2
This situation is where we would give out dual GPE-GRV.
Path => creature goes to Graveyard, for example IPG 2.5
This does not have to be present for USC-Major to apply
What are intent, malice, or harm to the intended recipient? IPG 4.2
These are the situations we may consider a backup.
What are GRV, HCE and CPV IPG 1.4
This is an infraction that occurs when a player mistakenly drops a card while shuffling their opponent's deck.
What is LEC IPG 2.2
A player during the player meeting is hastily writing their decklist. The judge who comes by is not able to collect it at the appropriate time. Between PM and R1, after the player has handed in their decklist, they realize they wrote down "Amreracool TPE" instead of "Mountain". Given they cannot run 42 "Ameracool TPE"s, they need to change their decklist.
What penalty(s) are applied?
They will receive Tardiness and Decklist Problem. The player will also receive one1.1 GL to be applied at the start of R1.
Two GL is actually just an ML in disguise.
This describes the three upgrade paths for penalties separated by group. (Eg. A=>B=>C=>D; 1=>2=>3=>4)
FtmG: Warning => Warning => Warning [...] IPG 2.0
GRV: Warning => Warning => GL => ML IPG 2.0
!GRV: Warning => GL => ML IPG 3.0, 4.0
This post is an example of this infraction.
What is USC-Major IPG 4.2
AP controls a Storm Fleet Swashbuckler and nine Amracool TPEs somehow. AP attacks, and NAP blocks SFS with a 2/2. AP says "alright go to damage, your 2/2 is dead lmao". NAP expresses confusion, and AP states "well I've got 10 permanents."
A judge is called, and it is determined that AP does indeed have 10 permanents.
Has an infraction occured?
TE - CPV
Not announcing that you have the city's blessing is a CPV. This is a status change that must be announced and tracked by the affected player.
We would backup to the time that an action was taken (or not taken) based on the information provided (or not provided). IPG 3.7
AP drew for turn. AP then cast a Wheel of Fortune while NAP controls a Narset, Parter of Veils. AP proceeds to dredge 7 times, and NAP draws 7 cards and motions to continue.
Has an infraction occured, and what is the fix?
How does this change if there was no Narset, and AP dredged 8 times?
Yes, GPE - GRV.
The Narset player didn't recognize that AP is functionally drawing 7 cards* (technically they are dredging, but couldn't have drawn the card to begin with).
Without Narset, this would still be a GRV - GPE as all cards were going from a hidden zone to a visible zone. IPG 2.3, 2.5
NAP controls a Corsi's Trickster, AP controls an Elrond, Master of Healing. They play <a card> that allows them to Scry 2, however, they Scryed 3, bottomed twice, topped once, and called a judge on themself.
What is the appropriate fix, and what will the board state look like afterward?
HCE: The player intended to pick up 3 cards, and therefore precludes this from being LEC. IPG 2.3
Fix: Recreate the set of scried cards, then the NAP chooses one to shuffle into the library.
Eldrond will distribute +1/+1 counters to 2 creatures, and Corsi will not trigger. IPG 1.3
This is a main reason we can downgrade penalties.
What is "erroneous information from tournament staff"? IPG 1.0
What infraction and penalty would be exemplified by the following:
"Man, I didn't know any cute girls played Magic! Maybe we could do this after the tournament too?"
~after the match~
"Haha well, if I was to lose today, I'm glad it was against someone as hot as you! Maybe you'll reconsider my offer from earlier!"
What is USC-Major? IPG 4.2
In R2 of a match, Alex the incompetent judge tells AP that Glissa's Retriever's triggered ability will still resolve even if it is exiled by Surgical Extraction (or anything else while in the Graveyard). During R17 of swiss, AP lets Glissa's Retriever die to a doomblade in spite of having a counterspell in hand. NAP currently controls a Mari. AP attempts to resolve Glissa's triggered ability, and NAP explains that this isn't how it works. A judge is called.
What is the infraction, what is the fix, and what is the penalty?
GPE - GRV. This could very possibly be downgraded to no penalty IPG 1.0 (and honestly I would advocate for that).
This would be backed up to the point where Glissa's Retriever was targeted by Doomblade, as this is where the information provided by the judge was relevant. IPG 1.4, 2.5
AP casts and resolves an Idyllic Tutor (using 3feri or something). They search for a card, and add it to their hand. NAP notices this, however doesn't say anything. They then proceed to go to their turn, and draw for turn. NAP then states "Hey you forgot to show me the card you searched for 😉" and calls a judge.
What is the infraction?
This could go either way. You could make a very strong case for double GRV IPG 2.3 or for HCE.
The fix would be either a backup to the point of Idyllic Tutor resolving (feelsbad), HCE (feelsbad), or do nothing (feelsbad). You might be able to swing a deviation for this too, but that is 100% up to HJ. Really, there's no good solution to this.
In this case, depending on what NAP says - you could say that they acknowledged the action, in which case it is a double GRV. If you say they didn't acknowledge it, then it is an HCE (due to there being no effect changing the rules for this). IPG 2.3
In either case, this wouldn't be cheating since NAP is not breaking any rules. It's just super scummy.
It is R23 of an event. Due to exhaustion, all players have some amount of penalties. AP forgets to sac their Solitude to its Evoke trigger for the third time this match. NAP calls a judge, and says the following:
"Hey, can you just grab a red-shirt? this is the third time my opponent has had this happen and I just want it to be a warning. I know it should be a GL but can we not just play out the game?"
The HJ declines to downgrade this to a Warning, and NAP states the following:
"H̶̳͈̪̥̘͎̼͉͉̯̭̽̓̎͑̾̾͂́̓͐͌͛́ͅę̵̝̥͖́̽̍̇̐͂̕̚c̸̨͈͇̩͎͙̟͙͐̀̽̽́̽̉̑̀̐̎̈́͜͜k̴͎̥̖̪͙̒̄̂͛̓̒͛͊̇̽̒̋͊͊͜͝ǐ̵̛̻͋̓̋̓̐͂̆̔̉͑̾͘n̷̛͈̖̞͕̜̣͎̜̫̆̈̍̓̈͂̀̄̑̑̑͛͘̕g̸̛̣̝̖̟̠̖̹̺̰̳͙̃͂̃̃͜ come on you l̷͈̰̇d̴̢̯̥͔̤͗s̸͙̓̑̌̔͝g̵̢̤̼̙͎͉͖̘̐͆̌́̅̕͜͝f̴̢̛͕͖͙͉̏͆̑̌̔͊̒ǫ̶̙̗͌͆̉͌̎̚͠ḧ̶̛̩̣̦́̒̈͂͐̽̓̍̇̿́͂͜͝, just let us play the game."
What infraction(s) happened, and what is the end result?
Missed Triggers - GL (AP)
USC - Minor - Warning (demanding a specific penalty) (NAP)
USC - Minor - GL (use of vulgar language) (NAP)
Result: Multiple infractions, Penalties are GL (AP) and GL (NAP - this is the most severe penalty that they've accrued). We pretty much Pantsless Karn the game. IPG 1.2
This is the main reason we can backup without any form of penalty or infraction.
What is "yea but a judge told me this works this way"? IPG 1.0
This penalty would be applied to a player who, after a match, grabs their deck and slams it onto the ground, proceeds to kick/curbstomp the cards, and then firmly plant their chair onto the shattered remains of their cards before gathering them together.
What is USC-Minor IPG 4.5. You *could* make a case for Major (see below), but as this is not directed at an individual it isn't really supported by the IPG.
"Is it physically threatening, directed at someone? Aggressive. Does it feel like it generally makes the event unsafe but isn’t threatening to anyone specific? Major. No, just disruptive? Minor."
- Sean Catanese, L4 (Taken from an article linked from IPG 4.2)
Is this situation reasonable to backup in?
Dubious Challenge found Charming Prince and Flickerwhisp.
NAP cast Veil of Summer prior to DC, but without green mana (cause it was sacced to a City of Traitors).
No. AP has Windswept Heath, Field of Ruin - two lands that can shuffle the deck. The Dubious Challenge was a solid whiff, and shuffling the deck allows them to try again. Backing up would place the cards back on top, as they were supposed to be known.
This also does not fit into a simple or partial fix. We would leave the game as is, and allow NAP to cast their... very useless Veil of Summer.
"Backups involving random/unknown elements should be approached with extreme caution, especially if they cause or threaten to cause a situation in which a player will end up with different cards than they would once they have correctly drawn those cards." IPG 1.4
NAP cast Brainstorm last turn. This turn, AP played one of their 42 mountains, bolted a tarmogoyf (which didn't die due to an instant being added to the graveyard), looked at the opponent's hand of 5 cards using Perish the Thought (not relevant), and then said: "HOLD UP YOU FORGOT TO PUT THEM BACK LAST TURN"!
What is the fix?
Would this change if it was three turns ago?
GPE-GRV
This is a partial fix. We just put the cards back right now. No matter when this happened. Could be now, could be fifteen turns ago. IPG 2.5