A unique hexadecimal identifier burned into the ROM of every network interface.
MAC Address
A rule that identifies some aspect of how computers communicate on a network.
Protocol
A protocol used by web browsers and servers to exchange files the the World Wide Web and intranets. This protocol uses port 80.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
A part of the IP protocol suite used to retrieve email from a remote server to a local client over and IP connection. This protocol uses port 110.
Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3):
This protocol allows users to view and use the graphical desktop of a remote computer system. RDP uses port 3389.
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
The numerical address that identifies a subnet.
Logical network address
A communication standard for establishing and maintaining a network connection in which application programs can exchange data.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):
A secure form of HTTP that uses SSL as sublayer for security. This protocol uses port 443.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
This protocol allows an attached computer to act as a dumb terminal, with data processing taking place on the IP host computer. Telnet uses port 23.
Telnet Protocol
This protocol dynamically assigns IP addressing information to network hosts when they come online. It uses ports 67 and 68.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP):
The numerical address that identifies a specific host on the network.
Logical host address
An alternative to TCP designed to establish low-latency and loss-tolerant connections between applications on the internet.
User Data Protocol (UDP)
A generic method of transferring files that uses port 21.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
This protocol allows secure interactive control of remote systems and uses port 22.
Secure Shell Protocol (SSH)
This protocol accesses information about network resources stored by a directory service. It uses ports 389 and 636.
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP):
A 32-bit binary number represented as four octets (can be represented as decimal or binary).
IP address
An industry-standard network communication protocol originally developed by IBM.
Network Basic Input/Output System Protocol (NetBIOS)
A protocol that routes electronic mail through the internet using port 25.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
This protocol has the same functionality as FTP but uses SSH to secure data transmissions. SFTP uses port 22
Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP):
This protocol monitors and manages network devices. It uses ports 161 and 162.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP):
The default network address portion of the IP address.
IP address class
A process in which non-IP packets are re-packaged as IP packets at the sending device.
Encapsulation/tunneling:
An email retrieval protocol that enables users to access their email from various locations without transferring messages or files back and forth between computers. This protocol uses port 143.
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) protocol
A system distributed throughout the internetwork to provide address/name resolution using port 53.
Domain Name System (DNS) Protocol
This protocol enables the sharing of folders and printers on the network. It uses port 445.
Server Message Block (SMB) Protocol: