Atom Parts
This tiny particle has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus.
What is a proton?
The horizontal rows on the periodic table are called these.
What are periods?
These elements are generally shiny, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity.
What are metals?
This type of bond forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
What is an ionic bond?
In the formula H₂O, the small 2 tells you there are this many hydrogen atoms.
What is 2?
This particle has no charge and is found in the nucleus.
What is a neutron?
The vertical columns on the periodic table are called these.
What are groups (or families)?
These elements are generally poor conductors and are found mostly on the right side of the periodic table.
What are nonmetals?
This type of bond forms when atoms share electrons.
What is a covalent bond?
In the formula CO₂, how many oxygen atoms are present?
This negatively charged particle moves around the nucleus in energy levels.
What is an electron?
An element is in Group 17. How many valence electrons does it have?
7
These elements have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
What are metalloids?
This type of bonding occurs between metal atoms.
What is metallic bonding?
Draw the electron dot diagram for oxygen.
∙∙
∙ O ∙
∙∙
These are the electrons found in the outermost energy level of an atom.
What are valence electrons?
An element is in Group 1. How many valence electrons does it have, and is it most likely to gain or lose electrons?
1 valence electron; it will most likely lose 1 electron.
Is oxygen a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid?
Nonmetal.
Sodium has 1 valence electron and chlorine has 7. What will most likely happen to their electrons when they bond?
Sodium will lose 1 electron and chlorine will gain 1 electron.
How many total atoms are in the formula MgCl₂?
3 total atoms: 1 magnesium + 2 chlorine.
An atom has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 11 electrons. What element is it, and what is its overall charge?
Sodium, and it has a neutral charge.
An element is in Group 18. What is special about its valence electrons, and why are these elements generally very unreactive?
They have a full outer energy level, making them very stable and unreactive.
A mystery element is shiny, conducts electricity well, and can be bent without breaking. Is it most likely a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? Explain.
A metal, because conductivity and being shiny/malleable are common metal properties.
Two nonmetal atoms bond together. They do not transfer electrons; instead, they share them. What type of bond is this, and why?
Covalent bonding, because the atoms share electrons.
Sodium forms an ion by losing one electron. Chlorine forms an ion by gaining one electron. What is the formula of the ionic compound they form?
NaCl.