Communication Foundations
The manner in which messages are conveyed and received, and the shared experiences of the individuals involved are examined through five unique forms of communication. What are they?
1. Intrapersonal Communication
2. Interpersonal Communication
3. Small Group Discussion
4. Public Speaking
5. Mass Communication
_________ is the process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting information which includes selecting stimuli that pass through our perceptual filters, organizing stimuli within our own existing structures and patterns, and interpreting those stimuli based on previous experiences.
Perception
This theory states that as we get to know someone, we engage in a reciprocal process of self-disclosure that changes in breadth and depth and affects how a relationship develops.
Social Penetration Theory
This type of listening is focused and usually instrumental; primarily physiological and occurs mostly at the receiving stage of the listening process.
Discriminative Listening
Involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and action.
Emotional Intelligence
This communication model was developed in 1955 and describes communication as a process in which participants alternate positions as sender and receiver and generate meaning by sending messages and receiving feedback within physical and psychological contexts.
Interactive Model of Communication
_______ is the degree to which something attracts our attention in a particular context.
Salience
This can be applied to a variety of interpersonal interactions in order to help us understand what parts of ourselves are open, hidden, blind, and unknown.
Johari Window
This form of listening is behaving as if you're paying attention to a speaker when you're actually not.
Pseudo-listening
This theory ties into the evolutionary perspective, because researchers claim that it is in our nature, as newborns, to create social bonds with our primary caretaker.
Attachment Theory
This model of communication is a more complex understanding of "context" and views communication as a force that shapes our realities before and after specific interactions occur.
Transactional Model of Communication
These prophecies are thought and action patterns in which a person's false belief triggers a behavior that makes the initial false belief actually or seemingly come true.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
What are the four primary categories of self-disclosure?
-Observations
-Thoughts
-Feelings
-Needs
_______ is accidental, involuntary, effortless
Hearing
Studies have shown that __________ reduces social comparisons. Rather than becoming resentful toward people who have more money or better jobs-a major factor in reduced self-esteem equates to people who are appreciative of other people's accomplishments
Gratitude
Although communication scholars agree that the "transactional" model most significantly displays interpersonal communication experience, there are other means of "visualizing" the process. This philosopher established the idea of "I-It" vs. "I-Thou".
Martin Burber
This term refers to our tendency to explain others' behaviors using internal rather than external attributions.
Fundamental Attribution Error
This entails users friending people they don't know personally or that they wouldn't talk to in person in order to increase the size of their online network.
Friend-collecting Behavior
The fourth step in the listening process is _________. We make judgements about credibility, completeness, and worth.
Evaluating
Individualistic Culture
When we set a goal of adapting our communication in order to be perceived in a particular way, we have set this type of goal for ourselves.
Self-Presentational Goal
We utilize this set of theories to generalize a person's overall personality from the traits we can perceive.
Implicit Personality Theories
When the cycle of disclosure ends up going well for the discloser, there is likely to be a greater sense of...
Relational Intimacy & Self-Worth
The ability to process more information than what comes from one speaker or source creates a barrier to effective listening. This is called what?
Rapid Thought Speed
What are the "rules" to managing our own emotions and responding to emotions of others?
There are no simple rules. There are guidelines.