Industrial Revolution
This fuel source replaced wood and water power, becoming the literal "black gold" that drove steam engines and iron smelting.
Coal
This pseudoscientific, racist theory applied "survival of the fittest" to human societies to justify imperial conquest
What is Social Darwinism?
The assassination of this Archduke in Sarajevo acted as the "spark" that ignited the war.
Franz Ferdinand
This U.S. President arrived in Paris with a "Fourteen Points" plan, hoping to achieve "peace without victory.
Who was Woodrow Wilson?
Under Emperor Menelik II, this was the only African nation to successfully defeat a European invader (Italy) and remain independent.
What is Ethiopia?
The movement of people from rural farms to rapidly growing cities, often resulting in cramped and unsanitary living conditions
Urbanization
This 1899-1901 uprising in China sought to drive out "foreign devils" and Christian missionaries.
Boxer Rebellion
This intercepted telegram from Germany to Mexico helped pull the United States into the war in 1917.
What was the Zimmermann Telegram?
This was the last of the 14 points that described an international peace keeping committee.
What is the League of Nations?
The British began to smuggle this highly addictive drug into China to create a guaranteed market.
What is Opium?
The Industrial Revolution began on this island nation do to their abundance of natural resources.
What is England?
The Meiji Restoration in Japan reflected the influence of this culture.
What is the Western (European) culture?
What does the M in MANIA stand for?
What is Militarism?
This term refers to the "financial compensation" Germany was forced to pay the Allies, totaling about $33 billion.
What are Reparations?
This incident involved Indian soldiers rising up against British rule in 1857 after rumors that their rifle cartridges were greased with animal fat.
What was the Sepoy Mutiny?
This economic system, championed by Adam Smith, argues that the "invisible hand" of the market should operate without gov't interference.
What is Laissez-faire (or Capitalism)?
At this 1884 meeting, European leaders "carved up" Africa like a cake, without a single African leader present.
Berlin Conference
This narrow, deadly strip of land between opposing trench lines was filled with craters, barbed wire, and landmines.
What is No Man’s Land?
What major global conflict do historians believe this unfair treaty led to?
What is WWII?
During WWI, many soldiers suffered from psychological distress. We now call it PTSD.
What is Shell Shock?
In 1848, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels published this pamphlet, predicting a violent revolution by the "proletariat" against the "bourgeoisie."
What is the Communist Manifesto?
This type of Imperialism gave nations exclusive economic privileges/ indirect control over an area. (Ex: Europeans in China)
What is the Sphere of Influence?
This German naval strategy involved sinking any ship—merchant or military—without warning using U-boats.
What is Unrestricted Submarine Warfare?
The Article of the Treaty that forced Germany to accept "sole responsibility" for the war was called...
What is the War Guilt Clause?
This conflict (1899–1902) saw the British fight Dutch-descended farmers in South Africa, using "scorched earth" tactics and concentration camps.
What was the Boer War?