Political Institutions
This body in Iran holds the highest authority, overseeing all political, military, and judicial matters.
What is the Supreme Leader?
These are the primary agents of political socialization in Iran, influencing citizens’ views on politics and governance.
What are family and education?
In 1979, Iran underwent a this, which led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of an Islamic Republic.
What is the Iranian Revolution?
These institutions, including the UN, play a significant role in shaping Iran’s public policies, especially in areas like human rights and security.
What are international organizations?
This president, elected in 1997, is known for his reformist agenda and efforts to improve relations with the West, particularly in his early years in office.
Who is Mohammad Khatami?
This Iranian parliamentary body approves candidates for the presidency, the legislature, and other key government posts.
What is the Guardian Council?
In Iran, this type of group works to influence political decision-making and gain access to power, often operating within the bounds of Islamic law.
What are interest groups?
These types of events often destabilize governments, especially when power is seized by the military or a political faction.
What are coups?
This type of policy, enacted by the Iranian government, focuses on the welfare of its citizens but is often seen as controversial.
What are social policies?
Before becoming president in 2005, this politician served as mayor of Tehran and was a hardline conservative. His presidency saw a return to more authoritarian policies.
Who is Mahmoud Ahmadinejad?
Iran’s president is elected through this system, which requires a two-round election if no candidate gets more than 50% in the first round.
What is the presidential election system?
This national event, held every few years, serves as the major platform for political participation and expression of voting behavior.
What are elections?
Iran has experienced periods of economic transformation, such as the post-1979 efforts to implement this type of change, transitioning from state-controlled to a more market-oriented economy.
What is economic reform?
One of Iran's major public policy issues, this has led to both domestic protests and international sanctions.
What is nuclear policy?
Elected president in 2013 and re-elected in 2017, this moderate leader helped negotiate the 2015 nuclear deal with world powers.
Who is Hassan Rouhani?
This legislative body has 290 members, elected for four-year terms, responsible for creating and passing laws.
What is the Majlis (Parliament)?
This is a key form of political participation in Iran, where citizens express dissent against the government.
What is political protest or political violence?
This international trend affects Iran by influencing its political and economic policies, leading to greater integration with global markets.
What is globalization?
The Iranian government aims to shape this aspect of society by promoting policies that reinforce Islamic values and suppress opposition.
What is political culture?
This individual was the first president of Iran after the 1979 revolution, serving from 1980 to 1981 before being impeached following political and military tensions.
Who is Abdolhossein Bani-Sadr?
Iran’s judiciary is overseen by this figure, appointed by the Supreme Leader, and is tasked with interpreting Islamic law.
Who is the Head of the Judiciary?
A significant feature of Iranian society is the religious cleavages between Shia Muslims and these minority religious groups.
Who are Sunnis or religious minorities?
The relationship between these two factors in Iran is central to many policy debates, as reforms in one often require changes in the other.
What are economic and political reforms?
This economic and political issue continues to be a key concern for Iran, as it faces pressure from both foreign powers and domestic groups.
What is sanctions or economic dependency?
This president, elected in 2021, has a background in the judiciary and was considered a hardliner. His election marked a shift towards a more conservative approach to governance in Iran.
Who is Ebrahim Raisi?