PYD and Prevention Science
The term for supportive relationships between young people and nonparental adults, considered vital assets for development (Scales, 2003).
What is mentoring?
Unlike a therapist, a mentor must be this type of adult — not acting in a formal professional capacity.
What is a nonparental adult?
This theorist's model gives each life stage a task and a typical conflict — trust, initiative, industry, identity — with mentors most useful when they meet youth at the stage they're actually in.
Who is Erik Erikson?
A refugee youth may have experienced displacement, loss, or disruption before arriving in a new country. A mentor should respond by prioritizing this quality rather than immediately asking the youth to share difficult experiences.
What is safety and trust?
A mentor recognizes that a young person may be balancing expectations from their family’s culture with expectations from their new community. This concept refers to the process of navigating between different cultural worlds.
What is cultural adaptation?
This U.S. federal department's Student Mentoring Program initiative helped drive the rise of school-based mentoring
What is the Department of Education?
Rhodes and Roffman (2003) found mentoring relationships produce the most academic, psychological, social, and behavioral improvement when they last at least this long.
What is a year (or longer)?
he cognitive development tradition builds on this theorist's 1954 work, later reworked by others into an integrative social-cognitive and social-emotional perspective.
Who is Jean Piaget?
A mentor's role is not to act as the youth's therapist or probation officer, but to provide a consistent supportive relationship while connecting the youth with appropriate professionals when serious needs arise. This illustrates the importance of this mentoring principle.
What are appropriate boundaries and referrals?
A mentor assumes that a youth who speaks limited English is less capable academically. This is an example of what kind of barrier?
What is stereotyping or bias?
This term describes healthy-development-promoting resources found in families, schools, and communities.
What are developmental assets?
A characteristic, either internal or external, that comes before a negative outcome and is associated with an increased probability of that outcome is called this.
What is a risk factor?
Also called the recursive-transformational model, this framework relates developmental strengths and vulnerabilities and has implications for strengthening mentoring programs.
What is the Clover Model?
This Arabic term refers broadly to the process of nurturing, cultivating, developing, and helping a person grow toward their potential.
What is tarbiyyah?
Instead of defining a young person by their offense or record, a mentor focuses on their abilities, goals, relationships, and potential for positive change. This reflects this approach.
What is a strengths-based approach?
The text outlines four levels for analyzing youth mentoring: relationship, intervention, policy, and this one — concerned with public perception.
What is the societal level?
These characteristics buffer individuals from negative outcomes or increase the likelihood of healthy, adaptive development.
What are protective factors?
The fourth paradigm, grounded in Bowlby's work, explains mentoring success as a relationship the youth takes inside and makes part of how they view themselves and others.
What is attachment theory?
A mentor should not attempt to provide treatment for a serious mental health condition. Instead, the mentor may need to connect the youth with this.
What is a qualified mental health professional?
Rather than asking, “What is wrong with this youth?” a mentor asks, “What has this youth been through, and what strengths have helped them cope?” This reflects this approach.
What is a trauma-informed approach?
This is the 'sixth C' of PYD, produced when the Five Cs develop over time.
What is contribution?
Prevention models can be used to address conditions that interfere with educational or occupational attainment as well as this type of behavior.
What is antisocial behavior?
Erikson's 1950 epigenetic model established these, spanning early dependency through engagement with community and culture.
What are the eight ages of human being (eight stages)?
This term describes the research-informed principles and practices that help ensure a youth mentoring program is thoughtfully designed, implemented, and supportive of positive youth outcomes
What are the ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE PRACTICE FOR MENTORING?
A person who takes on the role of nurturing and guiding another person’s development, rather than simply delivering information, is called this.
What is a murabbi?