Vocabulary
The root word means surrender or submission or "one who submits"
Islam
What happened in 622 CE?
Muhammed and followers were forced out of Mecca to Medina.
What are 3 things that Islam, Judaism, and Christianity all have in common?
one God- God of Abraham, History of the Ancient Hebrews, importance of prophets, prayer, Jerusalem is holy city, services are held in a holy building
sometimes counted as the 6th pillar---literally means exertion or struggle. It has two categories, the lesser and the greater.
jihad
The confession of faith- the first of the pillars
Shahada
The teachings or actions of Muhammad recording in the Hadith- 2nd most important authority after the Qur'an
Sunna
Which dynasty was centralized in Baghdad?
The Abbasid
What are 2 things that Judaism and Islam have in common?
dietary laws, fasting, almsgiving, and a sacred language (Hebrew or Arabic)
the division of Islam practiced by most Muslims which literally means "one who follows tradition"
Sunni
The fifth pillar, the journey to Mecca that all are to make once in lifetime, if able.
Hajj
The community of all Muslims. It transcends boundaries of race, language, ethnicity...
Umma
Which dynasty was centralized in Damascus
The Umayyad
What are 2 things that Christians and Muslims have in common?
salvation/damnation, recitation of a creed, story of Jesus' life is believed, pilgrimage,
the form of Islam characterized by a mystical approach to Allah, who is experienced inwardly.
Sufi
muslims must give of savings to charity
Zakat
The divine law derived from the Qur'an and the Sunna, encompassing all and setting forth how Muslims are to live.
Shari'a
What did 3 things Abu Bakr do?
-stabilized the community after Muhammed's death
-began recording Quran in writing
- military campaign ag. Byzantines and Sassanian empires
What are 3 of the achievements of Muslim society in its Golden Age?
1- calligraphy 2- encyclopedia of medicine 3- textbook of Algebra 4- The Thousand and One Nights 5- translated, collected and saved ancient works, 6- helped invent telescope/microscope 7-
The military and political leaders of the Muslim community who succeeded Muhammad after his death.
Caliphs
How is the Qur'an different from the Hebrew and Christian bibles?
less narrative, actual "words of God", not a person's point of view
The stone cubical structure in the courtyard of the Great Mosque of Mecca, believed to have been built by Abraham...at the sacred center of the Earth.
Ka'ba
Which battle stoped the Muslims from invading further into Europe in 732?
The Battle of Tours
What caused the Shia/Sunni schism and how are each different?
the murder of Uthman in 656 caused struggle for control, different views of office and responsiblity of caliph, wanted direct relative of Muhammad
Shiite- Imam is perfect, 10% or so of Muslims--caliph should be direct descendent of Muhammad- "party of Ali"
Sunni- leader elected- imam is imperfect- "one who follows tradition"
A teacher and master in Islam, such as the leader of an order of Sufism.
Shaykh
what are the two important themes in the Quran
monotheism, taking care of those less fortunate