Biology
Chemistry
Lab Equipment
Lab Techniques
Programming and Data Analysis
100
These biological macromolecules, including DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information.
What are nucleic acids?
100
This SI unit represents approximately 6.022× 10^23 particles of a substance.
What is a mole?
100
This specialized tool is used to move tiny volumes of liquid.
What is a micropipette?
100
This technique is used to amplify a specific DNA sequence, producing millions of copies from a small starting sample.
What is PCR?
100
In programming languages such as C++, Java, and JavaScript, this punctuation mark is commonly used to indicate the end of a statement.
What is a semicolon?
200
This enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix at the replication fork by breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.
What is helicase?
200
According to the Brønsted-Lowry definition, this substance donates a proton, H+, in a chemical reaction.
What is an acid?
200
This piece of equipment spins samples at high speeds to separate components based on their density.
What is a centrifuge?
200
In this technique, DNA fragments move through a gel toward the positive electrode, with smaller fragments generally traveling farther.
What is gel electrophoresis?
200
This programming language is widely used in bioinformatics for analyzing DNA sequences, gene expression data, and other biological datasets.
What is Python?
300
This type of point mutation changes a codon into a premature stop codon, causing protein synthesis to end early.
What is a nonsense mutation?
300
This diagram uses dots around an element's symbol to represent its valence electrons and can be used to predict chemical bonding.
What is a Lewis dot structure?
300
Gloves, lab coats, goggles, and other protective gear fall under this category of laboratory safety equipment.
What is PPE?
300
These enzymes recognize specific DNA sequences and cut the DNA at or near those sequences.
What are restriction enzymes?
300
This common file format stores data in rows and columns, with each value typically separated by a comma, making it easy to load into Python or R.
What is a CSV (Comma-Separated Values) file
400
During this stage of mitosis, chromosomes line up along the cell's center.
What is metaphase?
400
This thermodynamic quantity represents the total heat content of a system, and its change (ΔH\Delta H) can indicate whether a reaction releases or absorbs heat.
What is enthalpy?
400
This piece of equipment maintains a controlled temperature and environment to allow cells or microorganisms to grow.
What is an incubator?
400
This technique involves repeatedly diluting a sample by the same factor to obtain a range of known concentrations.
What is serial dilution?
400
In machine learning, this function measures how far a model's predictions are from the correct answers and helps the model improve during training.
What is a loss function?
500
This type of molecule binds to a receptor and activates it, imitating the effects of the body’s natural molecule without actually being that molecule.
What is an agonist?
500
This type of covalent bond is formed by the sideways overlap of p orbitals and is found in double and triple bonds.
What is a pi bond?
500
This enclosed workspace uses controlled airflow and filtration to protect the researcher, sample, and environment when working with biological materials.
What is a Biological Safety Cabinet (BSC)?
500
This technique measures how much light a sample absorbs at different wavelengths and can be used to determine the concentration of a substance.
What is spectroscopy?
500
This type of plot simplifies complex biological data into a few dimensions and plots each sample as a point so researchers can easily see which samples are similar or different.
What is a PCA plot?