Introduction to gTAA
What layer of the gTAA structure provides tool support for designing manual test cases and creating automated test cases?
a) Test Adaptation Layer
b) Test Definition Layer
c) Test Generation Layer
d) Test Flexibility Layer
c) Test Generation Layer.
It supports generating test cases from models of the SUT and manual test case design.
What is the primary disadvantage of using abstraction in the TAA?
a. It makes it more flexible for the future
b. It requires a higher skill level to implement it
c. It ensures that any scripting method will be supported
d. It improves the performance of the TAS
b. It requires a higher skill level to implement it
This is a disadvantage in addition to its taking longer to implement and being more expensive.
When designing the test adaptation layer, which of the following should occur?
a) Selecting the interpretation or compilation approach for the test procedures
b) Selecting data-driven, keyword-driven, pattern-based or model-driven test definition
c) Selecting manual or automated test generation
d) Selecting tools that will be used to stimulate and observe test interfaces
d) Selecting tools that will be used to stimulate and observe test interfaces
This is one of the considerations for the test adaptation layer.
What is the primary advantage of using abstraction in the TAA?
a. It makes it more flexible for the future
b. It requires a higher skill level to implement
c. It ensures that any scripting method will be supported
d. It improves the performance of the TAS
a. It makes it more flexible for the future.
This is the primary advantage.
When designing re-usability into the TAS, where should the re-use occur?
a. At the code level
b. At the framework level
c. At the product level
d. At the product line/family level
d. At the product line/family level
The goal of re-usability is focused
on re-using the entire TAS for different projects
or products.
What are the four horizontal layers of the gTAA?
a. Test adaptation, test execution, test design, test definition
b. Test generation, test execution, test definition, test APIs
c. Test generation, test definition, test execution, test adaptation
d. Test definition, test execution, test reporting, test adaptation
c. Test generation, test definition, test execution, test adaptation.
These are the four layers of the
generic Test Automation Architecture.
When is the best time, for test automation, to consider legal and/or standards requirements of an SUT?
a) When developing a TAS
b) When implementing the SUT
c) When designing a TAA
d) When creating a TAF
c) When designing a TAA
SUT standards and legal settings should be considered and any design requirements understood when designing the TAA.
Why is it important for the TAA to separate the test definition from the test execution?
a) Separating the two increases the speed of execution
b) The test definition can be completed without knowledge of the tool that will be used for execution
c) The execution will be able to add test cases to the test definition as needed during execution
d) The test definition layer will supply the adaptation necessary for the tests to run with various tools and interfaces
b) The test definition can be completed without knowledge of the tool that will be used for execution
By separating the definition from the execution, the definition is immune from the tool selection and usage. If another tool is used, the definition does not have to change – only the execution layer will change.
You are developing a TAS for an application that allows students to select courses, enroll in the courses and pay their fees online. Course enrollment is controlled by a set of rules that considers the student’s selected major (specialization), course prerequisites, timetables and overall course load. The course data changes frequently, including prerequisite information and course times.
One of your concerns is how to build test automation software that will be able to handle all the changing data and still provide a correct result. The developers have agreed to build a test interface that will allow you to query the input to the rules engine and retrieve the decision results. Using this test interface, you have been able to build your test automation so that it can handle various inputs and you can validate that the results are correct.
The SUT is ready to release to production. What should be done with the test interface?
a. It should be removed from the code to remove security risks
b. It should be left in the code to minimize disruption in the code prior to release
c. It should be disabled in the code for production but easily enabled for testing of future releases
d. It should not have been used for testing because of the risk of a probe effect
c. It should be disabled in the code for production but easily enabled for testing of future releases
This is the safest method and should be the least effort if it was designed well in the first place.
Which of the following is true about reuse?
a) Reuse is built into the TAA and maintained and improved in the TAS
b) Reuse is built in both the TAA and TAS and maintained in the gTAA
c) Reuse is only applicable for the gTAA
d) Reuse is built into the TAS and maintained and improved in the TAA
a) Reuse is built into the TAA and maintained and improved in the TAS
Per the syllabus the TAA must designed for reuse but the TAS can increase the ability for reuse
Your manager has requested you develop test automation to be used for a legacy system that is going to go through a series of infrastructure migrations. The scripts will be used to verify basic functionality during these infrastructure changes. You need a solution that is simple and fast.
Maintainability of the scripts is not a consideration because no changes to the software are anticipated.
Which of the following is the best scripting approach in this situation?
a) Structured scripting
b) Data-driven scripting
c) Keyword-driven scripting
d) Linear scripting
d) Linear scripting
Little prep work is required and the maintenance concerns are not an issue for this project
You have been assigned to implement test automation for a system that has the following capabilities:
• Receives messages from hardware devices
• Processes the error messages according to a rules engine
• Sends email to the designated system administrator with recommendations for updates/changes to the hardware device or its settings
You have been looking at test automation alternatives and have found that you can automate generating messages, receiving messages and processing the messages through the rules engine.
Considering the test definition layer of the TAA for this SUT, what is the most appropriate approach to use for the test definition?
a. Capture/playback scripting
b. Data-driven scripting
c. Linear scripting
d. Structured scripting
b. Data-driven scripting
This is a data intensive set of testing that will be required with many values input and output values to be verified. Data-driven will be the most efficient scripting method and that should be defined at the test definition layer of the TAA.
You are working on the design of a test automation project. The gTAA was set up by a consulting company prior to your being hired. You are now looking to create the TAA from the gTAA. You have the following requirements that must be addressed by your TAA:
1. The TAA must support independence across technologies. It is likely that this same test suite will be used in different test environments and on different target technologies
2. The test artifacts need to be portable
3. Vendor-neutrality is preferable
4. It is vitally important that the TAA be maintainable and maintenance costs be minimized
5. It is preferred that less technical people be able to maintain the system even though highly technical people have built it
6. There is a large project budget for this effort for the next two years, but the budget will decrease after that time
Given these requirements, which one of the following should the TAE consider during the implementation of the TAA?
a) The communication protocols used by the TAS to interact with the SUT
b) The number of automated test cases to be maintained by the system
c) The test roles that will be supported by the implementation
d) The use of abstraction in the implementation
d) The use of abstraction in the implementation
Abstraction will likely be needed to accomplish the stated goals
You are using a gTAA to create a TAS for a project. You have reviewed the project and determined that the test automation should be focused at the command line level rather than the user interface level due to the rapid and continual changes occurring in the user interface. The command line interface allows you to access all the functionality and will be a part of the released project.
Given this information, what part of the standard gTAA can you leave out of the TAS?
a) The test data component of the test definition layer
b) The GUI component of the test adaptation layer
c) The test model component of the test generation layer
d) The user interface component of the test execution layer
b) The GUI component of the test adaptation layer
You are working on a test automation project that will automate business scenarios for the user acceptance testers to use when conducting UAT. The business scenarios are well-defined and frequently repeated during UAT. The goal is to also be able to test these same scenarios as part of regression testing by executing the test automation.
Structured scripting has already been used to develop the library of functions that can be used by the test automation.
What scripting technique should be used to build upon the structured scripting that has already been done and to implement this test automation to meet the business goals?
a) Scenario-driven scripting
b) Keyword-driven scripting
c) Process-driven scripting
d) Linear scripting
c) Process-driven scripting
This will allow building on the structured scripting that has already been done and the libraries that have been created while automating the business processes
If model-based testing has been selected for the overall test automation approach for a project, how does that influence the layers of the TAA?
a. All layers are used, but test generation will be automated based on the defined model
b. There will be no need for the execution layer because defining the tests will be sufficient for testing the software
c. No adaptation will be needed because the interfaces will be defined by the model
d. There will be no need to design the tests for the APIs because those will be covered by the model
a. All layers are used, but test generation will be automated based on the defined model
Test generation will be automated based on the model that is used for the overall testing.
You are developing a TAS for an application that allows students to select courses, enroll in the courses and pay their fees online. Course enrollment is controlled by a set of rules that considers the student’s selected major (specialization), course prerequisites, timetables and overall course load. The course data changes frequently, including prerequisite information and course times.
One of your concerns is how to build test automation software that will be able to handle all the changing data and still provide a correct result.
Which of the following is a capability that must be built into the TAS to make it maintainable despite the changing data?
a. An ability for the TAS to determine the appropriate rule based on the input data
b. An ability for the TAS to control the decision result
c. An ability for the TAS to take user input for the course selections
d. An ability for the TAS to provide output showing the selected rule and the output data
a. An ability for the TAS to determine the appropriate rule based on the input data
Unless the TAS can know which
rule will be executed, it can’t anticipate the
outcome and validate the result.
You are implementing a TAS from a TAA. The SUT communicates with another system, which is stable and available for use during testing. The test interface will be through the GUI.
Given this information what component of the TAA can you exclude from the TAS?
a) The test generation layer
b) The simulator within the test adaption layer
c) Test execution within the test execution layer
d) The GUI from the test adaptation layer
b) The simulator within the test adaption layer
A simulator is not needed because you can communicate directly with the external system
You are implementing test automation for a project that has a safety-critical application. As a result, the reporting from the test automation execution is extremely important and must be 100% accurate. You want to merge the test automation results with the test management system that also records the manual test results.
Which layer of the gTAA will be used to ensure the proper reporting occurs and the interface to the test management system is handled?
a. The reporting layer
b. The logging layer
c. The execution layer
d. The adaptation layer
c. The execution layer
The execution layer contains the test logging and reporting which will need to occur to accurately report the test results.