Impact on Theatre
What elements prevailed and which did not?
Prevailed: Acting, theatre architecture, scenic design, and dramatic critsism
What didn't: playwrighting
Translate Renaissance
"re-birth" of theatre
What was the most important developed element of scenic design?
Perspective
What are the 3 theatres?
Teatro Olimpico, Theatre at Sabbioneta, Teatro Farnese.
Define Lazzi
Repeated bits of comedic business
What was the name of the first printing press and its influence?
Gutengurb Press and we can now print/have copies of scripts
What is humanism?
no longer idealized religious characters
What were the wings/shutters and raked stages used for?
To show perspective angles and depth
Which out of the 3 theatres had the most seating?
Tearo Farnese
What were scenarios
Short scripts with dialogue that survived
repeated and used as the structure of each performance
Why is Opera so important?
It's the only surviving form of the Italian Renaissance.
What is an Intermezzi?
short, mythological, like a half-time show
Describe the scene changes before Torelli?
There was a 3-sides and a groove system
What were the different seating sections and who were they for?
Pit (peasants), Gallary (middle class), Boxes (Nobility).
How were companies named and which is the most known?
Were organized by families and given names that characterized each troupe.
The most well-known is I Gelosi (the zealous)
Where were the plays staged?
Read aloud at formal institutions of learning
What is a Pastoral?
short, vulgar, comic, romantic, follow up to Greek Tragedies
Describe the pole and chariot system.
There are poles attached to the scenic flats that went below the stage.
Compare and contrast Teatro Olimpico and Teatro Farnese
Teatro Olimpico = Roman Street scene inspired & raised stage.
Teatro Farnese = Orchestra and Proscenium arch
What was the impact of the Lecoq school?
Profound effect on the development of non-text based theatre not only inspired revivals in Commedia but also interconnection between masque, mime, vocalization, and text.
List the Neoclassical Ideals
Decorum, Verisilimitude, and unities of time, action, and place
What are the two major forms of Operas?
Recitative and Aria
Describe the 3 settings made by Sebastiano Serlio.
Tragic setting (stately houses), Comic Setting (common street), and Pastoral Setting (trees/hills/cottages).
What was the major difference from Medieval to Italian theatre stages?
Went from outside to inside.
List the Stock Characters and their movements.
Magnifico (leads with head high and chest out), Zanni (leads with head and feet upward), Pantalone (moves with bent back), Doctor (leads with belly and has certain breath), Brighella (moves with closed hips), Harlequino (open hips), Colombina (infusion of people around her), 1st actor/actress (members of the court), 2nd actor/actress (verge of being aristocrats), The Captain (moves with knees), The Witch (figure eights).