The process by which stem cells become somatic cells that make up the body.
What is differentiation?
100
The junction between two neurons in which signals pass between cells.
What is the synapse?
100
An immune response in the body that occurs when foreign tissue is introduced into the system.
What is rejection?
100
This is the greatest defining trait of cancerous cells.
What is uncontrollable growth?
100
A common effect that occurs in clinical trials in which a patient displays improvement despite not being given the actual therapy.
What is the placebo effect?
200
The modification of gene expression that leads to specialization of stem cells.
What is epigenetics?
200
This cell type, aside to neurons, make up a large portion of the nervous system and assist in structural and regulatory functions in the brain.
What are glial cells?
200
A general term for the group of immune cells that include CD4 and CD8 T cells.
What are lymphocytes?
200
The biological cause of cancer.
What are genetic mutations?
200
These type of cells make up 3% of the human body mass.
What are bacterial cells?
300
The part of the body of which mesenchymal stem cells are derived from.
What is bone marrow?
300
This trait of neurons is what distinguishes the white matter from the grey matter.
What is the myelin sheath?
300
A cytokine used in some CSTI therapeutics that has both direct apoptotic effects and immunostimulatory effects in cancer.
What is Interferon beta (IFNB)?
300
The normal cell process that is disturbed in cancerous cells.
What is the cell cycle?
300
Cells in the human body that have more than one nuclei. (3 possible answers)
What are liver cells, muscle fibers and/or osteoclasts?
400
This trait of stem cells allows them to differentiate into many different types of cells.
What is pluripotentcy?
400
The fluid in the brain and spinal cord that serves to protect, deliver nutrients to and eliminate waste from the central nervous system.
What is cerebrospinal fluid?
400
T cells that have been engineered to recognize specific markers on cancer cells that are unrecognizable by normal T cells in the body.
What are CAR T cells?
400
This group of tumors (which includes glioblastomas and astrocytomas) makes up 80% of malignant brain tumors.
What are gliomas?
400
The hardest substance in the human body.
What is tooth enamel?
500
A single organism that contains cells from two different organisms that is created by fusing two different zygotes.
What is a chimera?
500
A selective barrier between the circulating blood and the central nervous system that serves to protect the brain from possibly harmful compounds circulating the blood.
What is the Blood-Brain barrier?
500
A subsystem of the immune system that is composed of highly specialized cells and processes that eliminate pathogens.
What is the adaptive immune system.
500
This is the process by which cancer spreads from primary tumor sites to secondary tumor sites.
What is metastasis?
500
The number of bones you are born with that fuse into the 206 bones that you currently have.