Basic Concepts
What does IV stand for?
Intravenous
What is the purpose of a tourniquet?
Increase vein visibility and distension
What should you do if you don't get a flashback?
Remove and try again at a new site
What gauge IV is typically used for routine fluids?
18–20G
What should you do if a patient reports burning during IV infusion?
Stop infusion and assess site
How long should you scrub the site with alcohol?
30 seconds
Which patient would likely need a smaller gauge IV (22–24G)?
Elderly or pediatric patient
What angle should the needle be inserted at initially?
10–30°
Which vein is most commonly used for IV insertion?
Median cubital vein
Signs of infiltration include:
Coolness and swelling at site
Maximum time a tourniquet can be tied?
1 minute
How should the IV site be secured?
Apply the Tegaderm dressing and tape the J-loop to the patient
What indicates successful vein entry?
Flashback of blood in catheter chamber
Which IV gauge is used for trauma or rapid fluid resuscitation?
14–16G
Why is it important to remove air from IV tubing?
Prevent air embolism
What is the primary purpose of IV therapy?
Deliver fluids and medications directly into bloodstream
What are the first three steps before IV insertion?
Check orders, gather supplies, and perform hand hygiene.
What is the correct order after inserting the catheter?
Advance catheter → remove needle → secure → flush
What is phlebitis?
Vein inflammation
What complication is caused by fluid leaking into surrounding tissue?
Infiltration