A
What is a landscape?
Name 4/7 environmental values?
1. Economic
2. Life Support
3. Recreational
4. scientific
5. Aesthetic
6. Life
7. Sacramental
What is eco-feminism?
-Eco-feminism combines elements of ecology with feminism.
-Belief that there are significant parallels between the exploitation & domination of nature & the subjugation of women.
-Eco-feminists seek to address these issues together
What is environmentalism?
Concern for the environment and particularly actions or advocacy to limit negative human impacts on the environment
What is population distribution?
The ways in which populations are
distributed across the globe also affect
the environment.
What is ecocentrism?
-An environmental philosophy & ethical perspective that places nature at the center of moral & ethical consideration.
-It contrasts with anthropocentrism, which prioritizes human interests & well-being above all else.
Environmentalism has nothing to do with demography.
False
What are symbolic landscapes?
Landscapes that express the values, beliefs and meanings of a particular culture
An ecosphere comprises of 3 parts, what are the 3 "spheres"?
1. Atmosphere (air)
2. Hydrosphere (water)
3. Lithosphere (land)
What is purchasing power parity?
Useful comparing cost of living in different countries
What is spatial scale? (two parts)
-"spatial" Relation between the study area on earth and the area of earth in it's entirety
-"scale" extent/level of examination/analysis e.g. local, regional, global
Human activity is solely responsible for climate change.
False
What is a formal region?
What are the key principles of Ecocentrism? (x5)
1. Intrinsic Value: Nature has intrinsic value, independent of its usefulness to humans.
2. Holistic View: Interconnectedness of living & non-living elements of the ecosystem.
3. Non-Discrimination: Rejects the idea of valuing ‘others’ based on their utility to humans.
4. Long-Term Perspective: Sustainability of ecosystems rather than short term interests
5. Ethical Considerations: Beyond human concerns.
Describe permaculture in your own words.
Permaculture is a design system and ecological approach that seeks to create sustainable and regenerative human settlements and agricultural systems
-permaculture" is derived from "permanent agriculture" and "permanent culture."
What is a function region? What are the other two types of regions in Human Geography?
1. Regions organized around a node/focal point, and the defining characteristics diminish in importance the further one gets from the central node.
-Formal/uniform regional
-Vernacular (perceptual) Region
Choose two population - environment relationships:
a: land-use patterns
b: LDC's
c: global climate change
d: Increased urbanization
a & c
Define a sense of place
A place the evokes emotion (either positive or negative)
What is environmental determinism?
A view that cultures, and human behaviours, are directly shaped by physical environmental circumstances; contrasted with possibilism
What is pollution?
The release of substances that degrade air, land, or water into the environment.
What is the holocene?
The post-glacial period of earth history that began approximately 12,000 years ago and was preceded by the Pleistocene.
What theory did Arne Naess develop in the 1970s? Explain the theory.
Deep Ecology
-An environmental philosophy & ecological worldview that emphasizes a profound & holistic connection between humans & the natural world.
-Deep Ecology challenges traditional anthropo-centric views & promotes a more intrinsic & spiritual relationship with the environment.
What is the anthropocene?
A recently coined term used to characterize the current period of earth history, viewed as the period during which human activity has been the dominant influence on the physical environment, including climate; preceded by the Holocene.
What are the key principles of Deep Ecology? (x4)
1. Biospheric Equality: All living forms have intrinsic value & right to exist & flourish.
2. Self-realization: You are part of nature, not apart from it. Develop a connection with nature.
3.Biocentric Equality: Shift from human-centred to bio-centred ethics (Adam Smith called himself a moral philosopher, not an economist).
4. Sustainability: Prioritize long term health and wellbeing.
Describe agroecology in your own words.
Agroecology is an ecological and sustainable approach to agriculture that seeks to integrate ecological principles and biodiversity into agricultural practices.
Agroecology places a strong emphasis on the interrelationships between plants, animals, and the environment within agricultural ecosystems.