Ottoman Empire
This empire was founded in Anatolia and later controlled much of the Middle East, North Africa, and southeastern Europe.
Ottoman Empire
This empire ruled Persia (modern‑day Iran) and parts of the Middle East.
Safavid Empire
This empire ruled most of the Indian subcontinent starting in the early 1500s.
Mughal Empire
This leader and ghazi founded the Ottoman Empire in the late 1200s, and the empire was named after him.
Osman (also would accept Osman I)
Safavid ruler responsible for reforming the military, removing corruption, and the building of Esfahan
Shah Abbas
This city became the Ottoman capital after being conquered in 1453.
Constantinople (would also accept Istanbul)
This branch of Islam became the official religion of the Safavid Empire.
Shi’a Islam
This famous structure was built by Shah Jahan in memory of his wife.
Taj Mahal
This Ottoman ruler expanded the empire into the Middle East and took control of the holy cities of Mecca and Medina. He also ordered the massacre of up to 40,000 Shi'a Muslims
Selim the Grim
This leader founded the Mughal Empire after conquering northern India using gunpowder weapons.
Babur
These elite soldiers were Christian boys that were captured, enslaved, and trained from a young age to serve the sultan. They also had to convert to Islam.
Janissaries
This city became a center of Safavid art, architecture, and government.
Esfahan
Mughal rulers helped India become wealthy by supporting trade in this valuable product that was exported around the world.
Textiles (cotton & silk)
This powerful Ottoman ruler was known for creating a single, unified law code and expanded Ottoman territory.
Suleiman the Lawgiver (would also accept Suleiman the Magnificent)
This Mughal ruler allowed people of different religions to live and work together peacefully. To demonstrate this, he married multiple women that followed different religions.
Akbar
Describe the full extent of the Ottoman Empire by 1566.
Lands included Hungary in the North, Egypt in the South, Algeria in the West, and Mesopotamia in the East
The capital city of Esfehan became famous creating and selling _____________ that were traded around the world.
carpets and rugs
The Mughal Empire was successful in ruling a diverse population because it created this strong system of government to collect taxes and manage land.
centralized bureaucracy
This leader captured Constantinople for the Ottoman Empire and opened it to Jews, Christians, and Muslims; Constantinople was later renamed Istanbul.
Mehmed II
This Mughal ruler is best known for building the Taj Mahal, showing the empire’s great wealth and artistic achievement.
Shah Jahan
Non‑Muslims were allowed to practice their religion under this Ottoman system where they were in religious communities.
Millet system
Safavid buildings in Esfahan were decorated with colorful tiles/pieces of glass called these.
Mosaics
Europeans eventually took control of Mughal lands, especially this country.
Great Britain
Religious tyrant that ruled the Safavid Empire, and executed anyone who didn’t convert to Shi’ism; also destroyed Sunni population
Shah Ismail
This Mughal ruler expanded the empire to its largest size but weakened it by ending religious tolerance.
Aurangzeb