Social Classes
What is the term for a region made up of many islands? Bonus: How many main islands does Japan have?
What is Archipelago?
Bonus: 4
How did the Tokugawa Shoguns try to restrict the growth and power of the daimyo?
Daimyo: - Could not marry without the shogun's approval - Could not build new castles or repair existing ones without approval - Limits on samurai numbers - Many bridges were destroyed, travel was restricted - Had to reside in Edo every second year at their own expense
Name a social group from the warrior class.
Shogun, Daimyo, Samurai
Ritual suicide that a samurai would have to commit if he broke the bushido code.
What is seppuku?
Who was the first emperor installed after the decline of the Tokugawa Shogunate. Bonus: what was the meaning of his name?
Emperor Meiji
'enlightened rule'
What effect did the Portugeuse traders have on Japanese culture?
They brought guns, ammunition and Christianity.
What jobs did eta do? What does 'eta' mean?
Great filth. Leatherwork / Burials / Butchers
The military ruler who gained full political authority
Which leader exerted military power to assume control?
Odo Nobunaga
In 1636, Japan issued the closure edict, restricting contact with the outside world. Describe TWO rules or prohibitions in the edict.
No Japanese ships could go to foreign countries.
No Japanese living overseas could return Any Christians found would be investigated Informers who 'dobbed in' Christians would be rewarded Foreign ships were guarded in specific areas Ships were searched for Christian priests Trade restricted to certain cities Only scientific/technical books/texts were allowed into Japan
What is the religious significance of kami and what religion do they come from?
Spirits of the natural world, Shinto
Which social class had more power before the Tokugawa Shogunate but lost it during the period of stability?
Warrior class- Daimyo, Samurai- their power decreased as land was taken over by the shogun. They lost freedom and money.
What important event happened on 8 July 1853
Commodore Matthew Perry entered Edo Bay with four US Naval ships
Explain TWO reasons why the Tokugawa Shogunate fell.
Treaty of Kanagawa (Signed treaty with Matthew Perry) - Failure of Shogun to defend Japan from US (Matthew Perry) - Failure of Japan to modernise - Increasing strength of provincial Daimyo who opposed the Shogun and sakoku
How did the power of the merchants change during the Tokugawa shogunate.
As samurai and daimyo lost income, they had to borrow money from merchants and went into debt. Merchants became wealthy and had economic power over those higher than them in the social order.
The policy under which Japan isolated from foreign contact and forbade travel outside the country?
What is sakoku?
Name one of the ways Toyotomi Hideoshi consolidated power and helped unify Japan
forbade soldiers from carrying weapons/prevented movement between classes.
During the Meiji Restoration, in what ways did Japan modernise?
- Took technological advancements from the west - New communications systems (telegraph and postal services) - New railways - Increased coal production - Military and Naval increases (based on Prussian and British models)
How did the stability of the Tokugawa Shogunate influence arts and culture?
Samurai were asked to be experts at creative arts as well as fighting, they were occupied pursuing excellence which left less time for rebellion. At the same time, the sakoku period, where there was less contact with outside influences, led to a stagnation of culture within Japan.