Research Variables
This is what the experimenter changes/manipulates in an experiment
What is the Independent Variable?
A number that describes something about the " average" score of a distribution.
What is central tendency?
Ways of analyzing data that allow the researcher to make conclusions about whether a hypothesis was supported by the results
What is inferential statistics?
If... then.. because... statement in an experiment where the experimenter predicts the outcome of the results
What is the hypothesis?
A test that compares mean on DV across two groups
What is the Independent Sample T-test?
This variable is what the experimenter measure and represents the y-axis on a graph
What is the dependent variable?
A measure of variability that describes an average distance of every score from the mean.
What is the standard deviation?
This is used to compare the average scores between two different groups in a study to see if the groups are different from each other
What is a t-test?
Hypothesis that predicts no relationship between variables. The aim of research is to reject this hypothesis
What is the null hypothesis?
Uses Categorical data, and determines overlap across 2 categorical variables through either frequencies or proportions
What are CHi-Square tests?
These are quantities/items that experimenter's want to remain constant, and must observe them as carefully as the dependent variables
What is the controlled variable?
The squared average distance of values from the mean
What is the variance?
A test that compares the average scores between three or more different groups in a study to see if the groups are different from each other
What is the analysis of variance (ANOVA)?
Finding an effect is significant when it isn’t supposed to be, so falsely rejecting a true null hypothesis.
What is a type I error?
Research method in which data is collected about a group of participants over a number of years to assess how certain characteristics changer of remain the same during development.
What is a longitudinal study?
An unmeasured third variable that influences, the relationship between an independent and a dependent variable by suggesting the presence of a spurious correlation
What is the confounding variable?
The 3 measures of central tendency that are typical response to a set of data
A study of past studies. It is used to get an integrated result.
What is meta-analysis?
Not rejecting a false null hypothesis, where they find no effect when there is supposed to be an affect
What is a type II error
Research method in which data is collected form groups of participants of different ages and compared so that conclusions can be drawn about differences due to age
What is a Cross-sectional study?
Factors within a person which influence their behavior
What are participant variables?
The total spread of values (Max – Min)
Strength and direction of relationship between two continuous variables
What is the correlation coefficient?
A statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance
What is a statistical significance?
Research method that involves an intensive investigation of one or more participants.
What is a case study?