Vocab
A musical form distinguished by its reliance on improvisation and its rhythmic urgency.
What is Jazz?
Double Question: Answer both for 200 points.
Trumpet genius, gravelly voiced singer, influenced many jazz musicians.
One of America's most prominent big band innovators. Wrote more music than any composer living or dead. Created sophisticated form, substance, and timbre.
Who are Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington?
The Jazz style that favors short, improvised riffs and licks in a call-and-response format. It took influence from spirituals and work songs.
What is Dixieland Jazz?
The birthplace of Jazz in the 1920s.
What is New Orleans?
A form of vocal improvisation on nonsense syllables.
What is scat singing?
A measure or two where everyone stops playing except the soloist.
What is a Break?
Known as the "King of Swing," a clarinet virtuoso, and led a highly successful big band.
Who is Benny Goodman?
This style implemented breaks and the 32-bar section into jazz.
What is "hot" jazz?
Double Question: Answer both questions for 400 points!
Jazz started in New Orleans and travelled along this river.
Jazz then evolved from Dixieland into Swing here from 1935-1945.
What is the Mississippi River and Chicago?
A connective part of a composition.
What is a bridge?
The special rhythmic character that jazz musicians add to music.
What is Swing?
Played a pivotal role in the development of swinging jazz bands. He created the model that jazz bands adopt to this day.
Who is Fletcher Henderson?
Double Question: Answer both for 600 points.
This style incorporated a simpler melody and rhythm and was created in the 1950s.
Also known as "urban contemporary" this style of jazz was popular with an "easy listening" appeal.
What is Cool Jazz and Smooth Jazz.
This instrument was favored over the clarinet in the Big Band Era of Jazz.
What is the saxophone?
A complex and sophisticated style of improvised jazz.
What is bebop?
Combination of jazz and rock.
What is Fusion?
The pioneers of bebop.
Who are Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie?
The new style from the mid-1930s. Uses a solid four beat meter with evenly accented beats.
What is Big Band?
The year Bebop was introduced.
What is 1940?
Incorporating tones consisting entirely of half steps.
What is chromatic?
Juxtaposing two or more different rhythms.
What is Polyrhythmic?
Two prolific musicians during the fusion era of Jazz (1950s and beyond), one was a user of "modal jazz," the other was a brilliant jazz pianist.
Miles Davis and Thelonious Monk
Jazz music for listening over dancing, it broke the conventions of swing. Uses chromatic and complex melodies, constantly shifting accents, and rapid tempos.
What is Bebop?
The major trends of jazz since the 1940s. (6 total)
Rhythm and Blues, Modal Jazz, Cool Jazz, Free Jazz, Fusion, and Smooth Jazz
A scale with the pattern of whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half, and whole. (All white keys starting on D)
What is Dorian Mode?