English 1
Audience
The intended target group for a message, regardless of the medium
Dialogue
The lines spoken between characters in fiction or a play; dialogue in a play is the main way in which plot, character, and other elements are established
Setting
the time and place in which a narrative occurs. Setting elements may include the physical, psychological, cultural, or historical background against which the story occurs.
Tone
the author’s particular attitude, either stated or implied in the writing
Genre
The type or class of a work, usually categorized by form, technique, or content
Author’s craft
intentional and deliberate use of organizational patterns, text and graphic features, syntax, devices, and diction to create an effective written work; author’s craft may vary by genre
Figurative Language
language not intended to be taken literally but layered with meaning through the use of imagery, metaphors, and other literary devices
Plot
The basic sequence of events in a story includes the exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution
Poetic form
a distinctive poetic structure with distinguishable characteristics based on meter, lines, stanzas, and rhyme schemes such as a sonnet, blank verse, ballad, haiku, epic, lyric, etc.
Poetry
Literary works focus on the expression of feelings and ideas through a distinctive style that is often rhythmical and may have elements such as meter, rhyme, and stanzas.
Author’s purpose
or devices in a the reason an author writes about a particular topic (e.g., to persuade, to entertain, to inform, to explain, to analyze, etc.); the reason an author includes particular details, features, work
Metaphor
a subtle comparison in which the author describes a person or thing using words that are not meant to be taken literally (e.g., time is a dressmaker specializing in alterations). An extended metaphor is a metaphor in which the comparison is carried through several lines or even the entire literary work.
Theme
the central or universal idea of a literary work that often relates to morals and values and speaks to the human experience/ condition
Editing
a stage in the writing process when a written text is prepared for an audience by attending to and correcting mechanics, grammar, and spelling
Rhyme scheme
the pattern of rhyming lines (e.g., ABAB, ABBA)
Characterization
The method in which an author constructs a character by explicitly stating aspects of his/her personality and appearance (direct characterization) or by revealing aspects of a character through their actions, thoughts, speech, other characters, etc. (indirect characterization)
Personification
figurative language in which non-human things or abstractions are represented as having human qualities (e.g., necessity is the mother of invention)
Voice
an author’s unique articulation or expression of language created by stylistic elements such as syntax, diction, and figurative language
Context
the words, sentences, or passages that precede or follow a specific word, sentence, or passage
Graphic elements of poetry
Capital letters, line length, and word position; also called the “shape” of a poem
Context
The words, sentences, or passages that precede or follow a specific word, sentence, or passage
Syntax
The purpose of syntax in writing is to create specific sentence structures that will have an effect on the reader. Syntax refers to word order, tense, subject-verb agreement and even sentence length. The way words are put together in a sentence affect the tone and meaning of a piece of writing.
Poetic form
A distinctive poetic structure with distinguishable characteristics based on meter, lines, stanzas, and rhyme schemes such as a sonnet, blank verse, ballad, haiku, epic, lyric, etc.
Meter
The basic rhythmic structure in verse, composed of stressed and unstressed syllables
Structural elements
the basic form of a poem, including its visual presentation (e.g., line, stanza, or verse)