American Horse Breeds
The Skull
Teeth
Muscle Contraction
Respiration
100
What is the registry founded in 1938 to standardize the spotted horse of the Nez Perce indians?
Appaloosa Horse Club, Evans 32
100
What type of bones make up the skull?
flat bones, Evans 90
100
Two parts: How many teeth typically does an adult mare have? An adult male horse?
Mare-36, Male-40, Evans 92
100
What are Type I and Type II muscle fibers, respectively?
Slow-twitch and fast-twitch, Evans 99
100
What is inspiration?
drawing air into the lungs, Evans 108
200
What two breeds crossed make the American breed the Morab?
Arabians and Morgans, Evans 45
200
How many bones make up the skull?
34, Evans 90
200
At what age are all the temporary incisors replaced?
4 1/2 years, Evans 92
200
Training makes muscles more efficient, and the cells use more oxygen. What organelle does training cause muscle cells to make more of to better utilize oxygen?
mitochondria, Evans 102
200
What two muscles are contracted for the horse to conduct inspiration?
diaphragm and intercostal muscles, Evans 108
300
What is the only breed named after a horse?
The Morgan. (Figure was the name of the horse as a colt, and it took on the owner's name Justin Morgan as an adult horse.) Evans 36
300
What is the passageway to the respiratory system?
The nasal cavity, Evans 90
300
What are two other names for temporary teeth in young horses?
milk teeth, deciduous teeth, Evans 92
300
Muscle fatigue is caused by an excess of what muscle contraction waste product?
lactic acid, Evans 104
300
What is the common name of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)?
Heaves, Evans 108
400
What was the original name of the American Saddlebred?
The Kentucky Saddler, Evans 38
400
What is the purpose of the small scroll-shaped turbinate bones in the nasal cavity?
to warm air as it passes over the mucous membrane of the cavity, Evans 90
400
At what age does Galvayne's groove extend halfway across the gumline of the upper corner incisor? (Hint: Remember the Weld County question. It first appears on the incisor at age 10.)
15 years old, Evans 93
400
What are the sources of fuel for aerobic energy production?
glucose, fatty acids, protein, Evans 101
400
Name three factors that affect the breathing rate of a horse. (Which is normally 8-16 breaths per minute!)
exercise, temperature, humidity, fever, distress, anxiety, Evans 108
500
What was the popular name at one time for the Tennessee Walking Horse?
The Plantation Walking Horse, Evans 40
500
What are the bones of the upper jaw known as?
maxillae, Evans 92
500
As a horse ages, how does the shape of the chewing surfaces of the teeth change?
changes from oval to triangular, Evans 93
500
Describe the two filaments that make up a sarcomere, the contractable unit of the muscle cell.
the thin filament is actin, and it is pulled on the the thick filament of myosin to contract, Evans 99
500
What are the four lung volumes that sum to the total lung capacity?
tidal, inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, and residual volumes, Evans 109
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