THERMO
This inequality, named after a 19th-century German physicist, mathematically expresses the second law of thermodynamics and states that the cyclic integral of δQ/T is less than or equal to zero.
What is the Clausius Inequality?
In a distillation column, this ratio—defined as the amount of liquid returned to the distillate withdrawn. This controls the efficiency and energy consumption of the separation.
What is the Reflux Ratio?
This dimensionless number, defined as the ratio of momentum diffusivity to thermal diffusivity, helps characterize heat transfer in boundary layers.
What is the Prandtl Number?
This pioneering 19th-century reformer—founder of the Brahmo Samaj and a campaigner against Sati and caste orthodoxy—was called the father of the Indian Renaissance.
Who is Raja Ram Mohan Roy?
This former Australian captain, nicknamed "Punter", led his team to two undefeated World Cup victories and scored over 13,000 runs in both Test and ODI formats.
Who is Ricky Ponting?
This thermodynamic potential, defined as internal energy minus the product of temperature and entropy, measures the maximum work obtainable from a closed system at constant volume and temperature.
What is Helmholtz Free Energy?
Unlike the McCabe–Thiele method, this graphical technique accounts for both material and energy balances on an enthalpy-composition diagram to calculate the number of stages in binary distillation.
What is the Ponchon–Savarit Method?
This dimensionless number, symbolized as 'Sh', compares convective to diffusive mass transfer and is considered the mass transfer equivalent of the Nusselt number.
What is the Sherwood Number?
This British East India Company officer—nicknamed "Clive of India"—secured victory at Plassey in 1757, established Company rule in Bengal, but later faced criticism for corruption and catastrophic policies leading to famine.
Who is Robert Clive?
This elegant left-hander from Sri Lanka, with over 28,000 international runs and 63 centuries, is the only player to score four consecutive hundreds in a single Cricket World Cup.
Who is Kumar Sangakkara?
This idealized thermodynamic cycle, commonly used to model spark-ignition internal combustion engines, consists of two adiabatic and two isochoric processes.
What is the Otto Cycle?
This equation, widely used in absorption and stripping calculations, relates the number of ideal stages to the absorption factor and is named after a chemical engineer who developed stage-wise analysis techniques.
What is the Kremser Equation?
This dimensionless number, denoted 'Gr', compares buoyancy to viscous forces and plays a central role in determining the strength of natural convection in fluids.
What is the Grashof Number?
He was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretary of the Communist Party from 1922 to 1952 and as the fourth premier from 1941 until his death.
Who was Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin ?
This Indian tennis star, a former World No. 1 in doubles, won six Grand Slam titles and was the first Indian woman to reach the top 30 in WTA singles rankings.
Who is Sania Mirza?
This correction factor, named after a British physicist, accounts for the effect of pressure on the fugacity of a liquid and is especially significant in high-pressure phase equilibrium calculations.
What is the Poynting Correction Factor?
These small cylindrical pieces of packing, named after a German chemist, are used in packed columns to increase surface area for vapor-liquid contact. They are often considered first-generation packing.
What are Raschig rings?
This dimensionless number, denoted 'Le', compares thermal diffusivity to mass diffusivity and is crucial in problems involving simultaneous heat and mass transfer.
What is the Lewis Number?
This 19-year-old Bosnian Serb, acting on nationalist motives, fatally shot Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in 1914, igniting a global conflict.
Who is Gavrilo Princip?
This Boston Celtics legend, nicknamed "Larry Legend", won three straight NBA MVP awards in the 1980s and helped his team win three championships.
Who is Larry Bird?
This mathematical technique allows us to change the natural variables of a thermodynamic potential, such as transforming internal energy U(S,V)U(S, V)U(S,V) into Helmholtz free energy A(T,V)A(T, V)A(T,V) by replacing entropy with temperature.
What is a Legendre Transform?
At intermediate vapor and liquid flow rates, the column operates in this regime where droplets are dispersed like a fine mist.
What is the spray regime?
This dimensionless number, represents the ratio of heat conducted to heat stored and helps characterize how far a system has progressed toward thermal equilibrium.
What is the Fourier Number?
Although born Thomas, he adopted the name "Boston" and, acting against orders during a manhunt, shot and mortally wounded Lincoln’s assassin John Wilkes Booth in April 1865.
Who is Boston Corbett?
This Indian Grandmaster, winner of the 2023 FIDE Grand Swiss and famous for beating Hikaru Nakamura twice in the 2024 Candidates.
Who is Vidit Gujrathi?