Do you "Measure" up?
This measure of frequency is used when referring to EXISTING cases in a population
What is PREVALENCE?
In this type of study, the investigator assigns the exposure.
What is an experimental study?
This type of study refers to a closely linked group of cases.
What is a case-series study?
You wish to examine whether there is a mean difference in blood lead levels between a sample of US teenagers exposed to lead and the general population of US teenagers.
What is a one-sample t-test?
You're interested in conducting a study at SJSU. You randomly select 4 colleges within the university, and administer the survey to everyone in each of these 4 colleges. The name of the sampling method employed.
What is cluster sampling?
This measure of frequency is used when referring to NEW cases in a population
What is INCIDENCE?
This is a type of study where participants are followed up over time to ascertain the occurrence of disease
What is a (prospective) cohort study?
Two of the most important criteria when determining an appropriate control group in a case-control study:
A) Controls have NO disease
B) Controls should come from a different source population from the case
C) Controls should come from the same source population as the case
D) Controls should be selected independently of their exposure
What are C & D?
You wish to examine whether there is a difference in mean cholesterol levels across 5 different ethnic groups.
What is ANOVA?
In this type of experimental study, the exposure (or treatment) is assigned to a group of people.
What is a community trial?
This measure of association is used for fixed cohort studies
What is the cumulative incidence ratio (or difference)?
This is one of the measures of disease association used in an experimental study
What is cumulative incidence ratio/difference or incidence rate ratio/difference?
This is the measure of association in a cross-sectional study
What is prevalence ratio?
You wish to examine whether the mean difference in blood cholesterol between men and women is significantly different from zero.
What is an independent samples t-test?
You wish to examine the relationship between shift work and cancer among nurses. Which is the best comparison group:
A) The general population
B) Hospital lab techs
C) Nurses who do not do shiftwork
What is C - Nurses who do not do shift work?
This measure of disease association is used in cross-sectional studies
What is Prevalence ratio (or difference)?
In this type of study (NEED NAME), the exposure and outcome are measured at the same time
What is a cross-sectional study?
Which type of study design is useful for rare outcomes
What is or retrospective cohort?
You wish to examine whether there is a difference in mean test scores of students before and after watching a YouTube video explaining the method.
What is a paired t-test?
In this type of experimental study, both participants and investigators do not know the exposure status of the participants
What is a double-blind experimental study?
This measure of association is used in ecological studies
What is correlation?
In this type of study, exposures and outcomes are assessed using group-level measures
What is an ecological study?
Loss to follow up is bigger problem for this type of study relative to the others
What is prospective cohort study?
You wish to examine whether there is a difference in the prevalence of diabetes among smokers and non-smokers.
What is a chi-square test?
You wish to examine the relationship between shift work and cancer among nurses. What describes the bias (wrong result) that could occur if the general population is used as a comparison group?
What is healthy worker effect?