Back It Up
Innervation of trapezius muscle
Accessory N. (CN XI)
As part of a physical examination to evaluate lower limb function, a 10-year-old boy is asked to stand on his tiptoes. Which of the following nerves is being tested during this procedure?
Tibial n
List all muscles within 2nd layer of sole
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricals
When standing upright, the femur moves into the locked position. Which muscle acts to initiate the unlocking of the knee?
Popliteus
The Knot of Henry is a tendinous intersection located on the plantar aspect of the medial midfoot. Which tendons primarily form this structure?
Flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus
The nipple line corresponds to which dermatome level?
T4
During a basketball game, your 57-year-old patient heard an audible snap while jumping and developed acute calf pain. He could not push off and pain with dorsiflexion.What structure is affected?
Achilles tendon
Which structure is NOT contained within the femoral sheath?
Femoral n
Your 45-year-old patient has sciatica that did not respond to initial medical treatment. MRI shows no disc herniation that would explain her symptoms. Careful clinical evaluation is now suggesting the presence of piriformis syndrome. Which nerve is affected?
Sciatic n
The pulse taken at the top of the foot is ______
dorsalis pedis a
A patient attempts to hyperextend the lumbar spine during a gym exercise. Which ligament is placed under tension to resist this motion?
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Anterior longitudinal ligament
A 25-year-old marathon runner presents to the sports medicine physician for right leg weakness. Physical examination is notable for mild weakness with right hip flexion and knee extension. What muscle is most likely affected?
Rectus femoris
Adduction of digits 3-5 at the metatarsophalangeal joint are the main actions of which of the following muscles?
Plantar interossei
A medical student is performing a dissection of the hip and thigh. Her instructor makes note of a layer of fascia covering the large thigh muscles. Specifically, the student is told to note a lateral thickening of this fascia, where it forms a broad band that extends down to the anterolateral tibia.
This band of fibers is the shared aponeurosis of which two muscles?
TFL and gluteus maximus
Which muscle is a primary recruited muscle of hamstring and refer to as “work horse”
BICEPS FEMORIS
Unilateral contraction of the splenius capitis muscle primarily produces which movement?
Sidebend neck, ipsilaterally rotate
A 25-year-old woman is brought to the emergency room in severe pain due to an ankle injury. She tells the attending physician she was wearing high-heel shoes, stepped off the curb into the street, lost her balance and landed awkwardly, causing her foot to turn extremely outward (eversion). Which ligament might be injured?
Deltoid ligament
______ is an opening in the adductor magnus muscle that allows passage of femoral a/v from the adductor canal to the popliteal fossa
adductor hiatus
A 33-year-old woman comes to the emergency department after sustaining a deep knife wound in the left buttock.
On examination, she walks with a waddling gait that is characterized by the pelvis drop toward the right side with each step. Which of the following nerves is most likely damaged?
Superior gluteal n
The fibula contributes most to weight transfer through the ankle joint during which position? (DF, PF, or neutral)
DF
Multifidus is most developed in which segment?
Lumbar
A 24-year-old man who is a football player is brought to the sports medicine clinic due to knee pain. The pain began when he was illegally blocked by a defensive back who drove his shoulder into the lateral aspect of the man’s knee. Physical examination shows that the right knee is unstable but there is no excessive anterior or posterior tibial displacement on manipulation. Which ligament is most likely affected?
MCL
Injury to muscles in the deep posterior compartment of the leg resulted in a compartment syndrome. What are the three muscles within this compartment that affect the ankle joint? (Write all)
Tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus
A 46-year-old woman with coronary artery disease presents to her cardiologist. The cardiologist made arrangements for a coronary artery bypass graft operation. Which of the following veins in the lower limb is commonly used in this type of procedure?
Great saphenous vein
Your patient is very unstable when supporting weight on her left limb. One possible cause of this is weakness in the triceps coxae muscles. These consist of which muscles? (Write all)
The obturator internus and the superior and inferior gemelli