The Gin Craze
What led to soaring alcohol consumption in the US in the early 1800s?
the dirt-cheap price of newly available whiskey
What is comparison?
How two different pieces of art engage with the same concept.
When don't you italicize foreign words? (2 instances)
Italics aren’t necessary when the word is…
•Familiar
•Used again, after an initial italicization
Don’t italicize when a foreign word is part of a quote
Don’t italicize foreign language proper nouns
musty
(adj.) stale, moldy; out-of-date
(adj.) skillful, nimble
How does the gin consumed during the Gin Craze differ from the gin consumed today?
-undiluted
-very low quality
What is the subject?
The focus of a piece of art; the recognizable characters and easily discernible forms.
When do you italicize foreign words? (2 instances)
Put the foreign word in italics when it is…
•Unfamiliar or requires a definition
•Used for the first time
•A simple word or a brief phrase
accede
(v.) to yield to; to assume an office or dignity
explicit
(adj.) definite, clearly stated
What is the "Puss and Mew"? Describe how it functioned.
-one of the first vending machines
- large metal statue of a cat built into the wall of a building
-contained a metal spout and slots in the mouth for coins to pass through
What is composition?
The arrangement and organization of the visual elements in an artwork. The structure an artist creates to guide the viewer’s eye.
What is slang? Give an example.
Informal, non-standard variations in speech;
often newly coined words and phrases
(frenemy / salty / woke)
•Limited to vocabulary
•Non-standard; rapidly shifts and changes
•Can be used as social clues or for a sense
of belonging to a group
comprise
(v.) to include or contain; to be made up of
(adj.) suggesting an incongruity between what might be expected and what actually happens; given to irony, sarcastic
What crime was Judith Dufour convicted of and executed for?
abandoning/strangling her daughter in order to sell her clothing for gin money
What is the difference between representation and concept?
-Representation: What a piece of art seeks to convey, whether a thing, experience, or idea. (portraying something beyond itself – a result of the finished product)
-Concept: The underlying idea behind an artwork, which relates to experience by shaping and influencing the viewer’s response. (related to the artist’s intention – goes into the creation of the artwork)
What is dialect? Give an example.
A variety of language spoken in a specific geographical area or by a specific group of people
(soda / cola / pop)
•Unique in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation
•Can be standard or non-standard
•Indicates a speaker comes from a specific geographical area
destitute
(adj.) deprived of the necessities of life; lacking in
inopportune
(adj.) coming at a bad time; not appropriate
What two main factors led to the Gin Craze?
1. economic trade (liquor far more available)
2. explosive (growing) population of London
Alternatively:
1. gin was very cheap
2. gin was very available
What is abstraction?
Shapes, colors, and forms that create a composition that may be only loosely connected to a visual reference in the world.
Name and describe the 4 main style guides.
AP Style (Associated Press) - used for newspapers, magazines, provides guidelines for punctuation, etc.
Chicago Manual of Style - used by writers, editors, and provides guidelines for bibliographies, citations, grammar, etc.
Turabian - based on the Chicago Manual of Style...
MLA (Modern Language Association) - used by high school students, scholars, provides guidelines for source citations
brandish
(v.) to wave or flourish in a menacing or vigorous fashion
extirpate
(v.) to tear up by the roots; to destroy totally