Nature and Purpose
The science and art of reasoning well.
What is LOGIC
A concept that is expressed precisely in words
What is a TERM
A term that is more general, broad, or abstract than the original term and includes it
What is a GENUS
The sum of all the individual objects described by a term (How broad is the term?)
What is EXTENSION
1. Synonym 2) Example 3) Genus-difference
What are the 3 METHODS OF DEFINING TERMS
A statement cannot be both true or false
What is the LAW OF NON-CONTRADICTION
A statement that gives the meaning of a term
What is a DEFINITION
A term that is more specific, narrow, or concrete than the original term and is included by it. ( a type, kind or example of the term)
What is a SPECIES
The sum of all the common attributes denoted by the term (how narrow/specific is the term?)
What is INTENSION.
Giving another word with the same meaning
What is DEFINING BY SYNONYM
A statement is true, then it is true
What is the LAW OF IDENTITY
A word with more than one meaning
What is an AMBIGUOUS WORD
Complete, no other types exist
What is EXHAUSTIVE
Device, timepiece, clock, digital clock
What is INCREASING INTENSION / DECREASING EXTENSION
Demonstrating the term; giving several and various examples; listing species of the term
What is DEFINING BY EXAMPLE
Any statement is either true or false
A definition which makes more precise what was vague or fuzzy (applies in which it is used)
What is a PRECISING DEFINITION
Not overlapping
What is MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE.
List these items in order of decreasing intension:
OBJECT--- SLINKY---TOY
What is SLINKY, TOY, OBJECT
Naming the genus and them adding descriptive words which distinguish that term from all other species under that genus. ( EX: What group is it in? What makes it different from everything else in the group?)
What is DEFINING BY GENUS AND DIFFERENCE
A type of deductive argument in which the conclusion connects one category ( or term) with another.
What is a SYLLOGISM
A definition that aims at persuading the listener one way or another towards the term being defined
What is a PERSUASIVE DEFINITION
Cream, Cheese, Milk, Butter... What is it Genus
What is DAIRY
Communication, language, ancient language, Latin, Classical Latin.
What is INCREASING INTENSION/ DECREASING EXTENSION
Chess, Risk, Monopoly, Candyland
What are BOARD GAMES