DNA Structure
what is the base pairing rule for DNA?
A-T, C-G
What is DNA replication?
This is the process by which a cell makes a copy of the DNA in its nucleus.
What are the 2 phases (stages) we talked about the cell cycle?
Interphase and mitosis
Interphase and mitosis
shhh...we are missing a 3rd stage
Where is the location of DNA in animal cells.
In the nucleus
What are cancer cells?
rapidly and uncontrollable cells
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix
What enzyme breaks the hydrogen bond?
DNA - Helicase
The phase the cell spends the most time in during cell division
Interphase
What enzyme "glues" the old strand of DNA to the new strand of DNA?
What part of the plant deals with transporting water? And in what direction?
Xylem
The scientists that discovered DNA structure are?
Watson & Crick
What are the four nitrogen bases?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine
What is mitosis?
This is the stage during the cell cycle when the cell's nucleus divides into two new nuclei.
The cell is actually dividing.
What are chromosomes?
Genetic information is stored in packages of DNA. Humans have 46 pairs of these.
Name the four biomolecules
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
What is the proper name for the "sugar" in the nucleotide?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (Sugar)
What enzyme adds new nucleotide? "builder"
DNA polymerase
Cells spend 10% of their time in
mitosis
What happens during S Phase of the cell cycle?
DNA Replication
When cancer cells grow rapidly and "dog pile each other" and they pile up. What can happen? A growth or mass of cancerous cells is called a ....
Tumor
What is the backbone of the DNA composed of?
Phosphate and Deoxyribose (sugar)
What are the four steps of DNA replication? (in order)
Unwind, Separate, Replicate, Back into chromosome
What are the purpose of the checkpoints in the cell cycle?
-Is the cell growing?
-Is the DNA being replicated and correctly?
-Is the cell functioning properly?
Code for this sequence:
ATGGCTAGGCAT
TACCGATCCGTA
What happen to a cell if it fails to pass the cell cycle checkpoints?
APOPTOSIS