Assessment
You arrive on scene for a patient experiencing respiratory distress. The patient is thin, barrel-chested, and breathing through pursed lips. You notice an oxygen tank nearby. Your immediate assessment is what medical condition?
What is emphysema. Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, often caused by long-term smoking or exposure to noxious fumes.
This is the most appropriate choice for the positioning the airway of an unresponsive patient after a traumatic injury.
What is the jaw-thrust technique. If trauma is suspected on an unconscious patient, care must be taken to prevent spinal damage.
This type of injury is most often sustained after a diving-related incident.
What is compression injury to the spine. Stabilization and immobilization are key to initiating treatment in these types of cases.
Consider this as the most appropriate initial treatment option for managing a hostile or aggressive patient
What is watching for sudden changes in behaviors and seek assistance from law enforcement. Forcibly restraining or forcing a patient to accept emergency assistance is not within legal jurisdiction of an EMT.
True or false? Four-way flashers or directionals should not be used by emergency vehicles because they can confuse other drivers.
What is false.
In addition to alcohol intoxication, slurred speech and confusion may be signs of what condition?
What is a head injury.
A child with developmental delays has a tracheostomy tube inserted to help him breathe. The trach tube has become dislodged, and the parents have not been able to replace it. The child is going into respiratory distress. This is the most appropriate method for ventilating the child.
What is covering the stoma and ventilating with a BVM over the mouth and nose.
This term is used to describe hypoperfusion resulting from massive blood loss.
What is hemorrhagic shock. Hypovolemic shock differs in that the volume in the circulatory system is low due to loss of bodily fluids (diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration).
Your patient suddenly becomes violent and begins to throw objects in the room. Your next best course of action is this.
What is retreating to a safe place and requesting police.
During a scene size-up, these three components should be included.
What are determining the need for additional resources, ensuring the safety of the scene, and determining the mechanism of injury.
You arrive at the scene of a car versus pedestrian and observe that the victim has a major laceration to the thigh with extensive bleeding. He is lying on the ground and appears unresponsive. Your first actions (2) are this.
What is don protective equipment and assess the airway and breathing. Next, apply direct pressure and then a tourniquet, if unable to control major external hemorrhage.
This is the most frequently seen symptom of acute respiratory distress.
What is change in respiratory rate. A change in in consciousness may be observed due to inadequate oxygenation, however it is not the most commonly observed.
You arrive on scene for a multiple vehicle car accident and prepare to transport an injured patient who states she cannot feel her legs. Upon examination of the lower extremities, you notice both legs have dilated veins. You suspect what shock condition?
What is neurogenic shock. When a patient sustains a spinal cord injury, the blood vessels below the injury site stop constricting and being to dilate.
You recognize that one of your fellow EMT’s is becoming more irritable towards their coworkers and is keeping to themselves whenever possible. They are also complaining that they are not sleeping well at night. What is your coworker showing signs of?
What is a stress reaction. Other symptoms include difficulty concentrating, anxiety, indecisiveness, guilt, loss of appetite, loss of interest in work.
A template system for providing consistent, effective processes in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from an incident.
What is NIMS.
A 42-year old female at the scene of a MVC has cool, pale, extremities, an irregular, thready pulse of 140bpm, BP of 80/42 and respiratory rate of 32. Based on the assessment, which stage of shock is this patient most likely exhibiting?
What is decompensated hemorrhagic shock. Shock in a trauma patient with cool extremities and tachycardia is presumed due to hemorrhage until proven otherwise.
A patient attached to a home ventilator appears to be restless, and you notice the alarm is going off. You observe some cyanosis on the patient’s fingers and lips. The family tells you that they just suctioned the patient. Your initial action is this?
What is disconnect the ventilator and assist his ventilations with a BVM.
This is the most appropriate way to manage caring for an avulsed body part.
What is a dry sterile dressing and placing in a plastic bag. Do not place the part on ice, water, or saline.
This statement by a patient is most likely to suggest that the patient’s thinking is psychotic?
a. “I’ve never felt this bad before.”
b. “I know you can’t help me.”
c. “Am I going to die now?”
d. “They sent you to lock me up”.
What is “they sent you to lock me up”, suggestive of paranoia and thoughts that others are conspiring to harm them.
While responding, ambulances are particularly at risk of collisions in what areas?
What are intersections. Cars sitting at intersections may block the view of the ambulance operator and cannot see other cars approaching. When the light is changing, cars approaching the intersection may not want to stop and accelerate through.
A construction worker has a thin piece of rebar impaled in his abdomen. He is conscious, alert, and complaining of right lower quadrant abdominal pain. A 10-inch piece of rounded metal is protruding from his abdomen. What is the most appropriate next step before moving the patient?
What is application of a stabilizing bandage around the rebar.
You select the correct-size oral airway for a small child by measuring from the corner of the patient’s mouth to what structure?
What is the pinna of the ear.
An EMT should do what with blood-soaked clothing that was cut off of a trauma patient?
What is place the clothing in a red biohazard bag and transport with the patient to the hospital.
You respond to the elementary school for an 15-year-old girl with an altered LOC. The school nurse tells you that the patient has been acting strangely and may have a behavioral emergency. You should first suspect?
What is an underlying medical condition. Rule out causes of altered mental status before behavioral or psychiatric emergencies.
When responding to a hazardous materials incident, the EMT should approach the scene from __ wind, __hill, __river.
What is up-wind, up-hill, and up-river.