January 2024
Where are fossils found on earth?
Underground.
How do mutations occur?
Errors in DNA replication or from the damaging effects of mutagens, such as radiation.
Is "bb" an example of a phenotype or genotype?
Genotype.
What represents a male and female in a pedigree?
Female: A circle.
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46 in total.
Do plants complete photosynthesis?
Yes.
What are segments of DNA called?
Genes.
Is the hair color brown an example of a genotype or phenotype?
Phenotype.
What is Natural Selection?
A mechanism of evolution.
What happens during interphase in Mitosis?
The cell grows and the nuclear DNA is duplicated.
What does cellular respiration do?
Produces ATP.
What is transcription?
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.
How is a carrier represented in a cladogram?
Half un-shaded, half-shaded.
What is the most common blood type?
O positive.
How many phases does the cell cycle have?
4
What is a derived character?
A trait that arose in the most recent common ancestor of a particular lineage and was passed along to its descendants.
What is translation?
Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.
How is marriage represented in a cladogram?
A horizontal line connecting both parents.
How many blood groups are there?
8 blood groups.
Where are stem cells located in the human body?
Brain, bone marrow, blood vessels, skin, teeth and heart.
What happens when cells divide?
They begin to differentiate.
What is Protein Synthesis?
The biological process whereby amino acids are assembled by peptide bonding into specific polypeptide sequences in accord with genetic blueprints encoded by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
How do you determine a generation in a cladogram?
By the Roman numerals.
Ex: IV (4)
What is a homologous structure?
Similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions.
What is Meiosis?
-A special type of cell division of germ cells in sexual reproduction.
-A process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information.