Neuropsychology
These specialized cells transmit electrical and chemical signals in the nervous system.
Neurons
This influential Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis developed the concept of the unconscious mind.
Sigmund Freud
This neurological disorder, characterized by recurrent seizures, affects approximately 1% of the global population.
Epilepsy
This area of the brain, located in the left hemisphere, is traditionally responsible for language production.
Broca's area
This type of aphasia is characterized by difficulty in finding and retrieving words.
Anomia
This part of the brain plays a key role in emotional regulation and the formation of long-term memories.
The hippocampus
This psychological perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences in shaping personality and behavior.
Psychodynamic theory
This condition, characterized by sudden, temporary episodes of impaired brain function, is often caused by disrupted blood flow to the brain.
Transient ischemic attack
This neurological disorder is characterized by fluent but nonsensical speech.
Wernicke's aphasia
This term refers to the tendency of individuals with aphasia to use simplified grammar or sentence structures.
Agrammatism
This disorder, characterized by sudden, uncontrolled movements, is caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain.
Parkinson's disease
This pioneer of behaviorism conducted the famous Little Albert experiment, demonstrating classical conditioning in humans.
John B. Watson
This condition, characterized by involuntary movements of the limbs or facial muscles, can be caused by damage to the basal ganglia.
Dyskinesia
This area of the brain, located in the parietal lobe, is involved in the processing of spatial information and numerical cognition, and it may play a role in language processing.
Angular Gyrus
A type of phasia in which repetition is preserved, whereas verbal output is impaired.
Transcortical motor aphasia
Damage to this area of the brain's frontal lobe can result in changes in personality and impulse control.
Prefrontal cortex
This influential psychologist proposed the theory of operant conditioning, emphasizing the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior.
B.F. Skinner
This neurological disorder is diagnosed using electromyography (EMG) to detect muscle weakness and nerve damage.
Muscular dystrophy
This technique, commonly used in neurolinguistics, involves presenting stimuli to only one hemisphere of the brain to study lateralization.
Dichotic listening
This term refers to the substitution of one word for another that is similar in meaning but different in form, often observed in individuals with aphasia.
Semantic paraphasia
This brain region, sometimes called the "emotional brain," plays a crucial role in processing emotions and forming emotional memories.
The amygdala
This concept, proposed by Lev Vygotsky, describes the process through which children learn by interacting with more knowledgeable individuals in their social environment.
Zone of proximal development
This condition, characterized by the loss of myelin in the central nervous system, is the most common disabling neurological disease among young adults.
Multiple sclerosis
This bundle of nerve fibers connects Broca's area and Wernicke's area, facilitating communication between language production and comprehension regions.
Arcuate fasciculus
An aphasia therapy that involves training family members and caregivers to communicate effectively with individuals with aphasia.
Communication partner training