Sampling
Cluster sampling is considered the "gold standard" to achieving a representative sample.
True or False
False
Conceptualization is how you will measure your variables of interest. This should include the measurement you will use, how respondents will respond to the indicators, example of the indicators, etc.
True or False
False.
Which one is NOT a criteria to meet when aiming to say, "my program caused this outcome":
A) association between IV and DV
B) time order
C) external validity
D) rule out extraneous factors
C) external validity
If including human participants in your research study, consent forms should be developed to uphold which ethical principle?
A) Justice
B) Respect for persons
C) Beneficence
D) Community-based participatory research
B) Respect for persons
What is EBP and be sure to state the 3 components in your explanation.
EBP is the process to identifying an intervention that a practitioner will use with their client. When deciding on an intervention: 1) client context, 2) provider's expertise, 3) and best available research evidence should be factored in!
When electing BSWO representatives and you only notify campus-based (CB) students. This is an example of which threat to internal validity?
A) social desirability bias
B) selection bias
C) regression to the mean
D) none of the above
B) selection bias
Fur babies (pets) can play a paramount role in one's self-care. Sophia wants to know which type of pets DSW's faculty members have. One of the indicators on her survey is, "Currently, do you have a pet?" with the following response categories: A) Yes or B) No.
Which level of measurement is (having) pets?
Categorical -> Nominal
Random assignment is an integral feature in quasi-experimental study designs.
True or False
False.
Which one is NOT true about community-based participatory research (CBPR)?
A) reduces power difference between researcher and participants.
B) promotes collaborative process of creating knowledge with community.
C) encourages community's involvement in only the Methods phase in a research study.
D) aims to build long-term relationship with community.
C) encourages community's involvement in only the Methods phase in a research study.
There is a challenge in obtaining a BSW DE student representative in BSWO. So, they decide to conduct a(n) _________ study to understand the contexts and unique experiences of BSW DE students in the BSW program. They decide to facilitate a group interview and ask various open-ended questions to help them understand their experience.
exploratory
You believe clinical supervision is critical to the professional development of social workers. So, you decide to explore social worker's experiences receiving clinical supervision by a LCSW at your organization. Tell me 2 sampling strategies that were used. (BOTH need to be stated for full points.)
You administer a research exam to the social workers at your site. Two weeks later, you administer your 2nd version of the exam to the same social workers. You want to test the 2nd version of the exam to determine if it has good reliability. The 2nd version is very similar to the first version except you changed the order of the questions and/or the response categories and made slight mods to the questions. Which reliability test did you conduct?
A) Inter-rater reliability
B) Alternate forms reliability
C) Internal consistency
D) Test retest reliability
B) Alternate forms reliability
Which study design has the least issues with potential testing effects?
A) Classic pretest posttest control group
B) Post-test only control group
C) Time series
D) Solomon 4 group
B) Post-test only control group
You want to explore if CWS social workers have engaged in unethical practice at their site. Due to the topic, you decide to collect data using an online survey that does not include any questions that ask for identifying information that can be linked back to the participants. This is an example of confidential data.
True or False
False. Anonymous
You want to conduct a qualitative study to explore youths' experience in your substance prevention program; and decide to facilitate a group interview. Tell me 1 pro and 1 con to to conducting a group interview.
pros: may promote comfort in talking about the topic; saves cost/time
cons: may hesitate or limit sharing if perspective differs from group; planning challenges due to coordinating multiple schedules
Non-probability sampling procedures are NOT the BEST approach to achieve a representative sample; however, 1 of them does a better job. Which one?
Quota sampling
Sophia and Mike both take notes of the students who fall asleep in Sophia's SW440 class. Prior to this, they identified what would count as "falling asleep" e.g., nodding off, glazed look in the eyes, etc. and used these criteria to assess. At the end of the class, they cross-checked their results with each other. Test-retest reliability was conducted.
True or False.
False. Inter-rater reliability.
You want to know if your intervention was effective at reducing the groups' isolative behaviors (e.g., canceling plans) throughout the day. Offer your interpretation for the time series design:
3 3 2 3 2 X 4 6 7 8 8
Interpretation should include: 1) whether it was effective or ineffective and 2) how you know by discussing the posttest and pretest measures.
The intervention appears to be ineffective because the post-test measures are showing that isolative behaviors are increasing. The pretest measures also seem to be relatively stable indicating no major threats to internal validity.
Provide an example when a study may receive an exempt status from the IRB.
Research using anonymous data.
Observational research observing public behavior.
Research using existing data e.g., Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS measures adult's health risk behavior).
In qualitative research, you should continue to collect data from participants until a saturation point is reached.
True or False
True.
Sophia created teams for the midterm review by computing a sampling interval value. Once the value (n) was computed, she placed a sticker on every nth student who walked in the classroom. This is an example of _______ sampling.
Leading question is a threat to internal validity that is introduced by the participants in the research study.
True or False.
False.
Refer to Solomon 4 group design on whiteboard!
Which groups would you assess to determine if testing effects are present?
Groups 1 & 3
Studies that involve the intentional deception or misleading information to participants will automatically receive an expedited review by the IRB.
True or False
False. Full committee review.
The Belmont Report outlines 3 ethical principles researchers should adhere to: beneficence, respect for person, and justice. When researchers ask themselves, "who should bear the benefits of research and who should bear the burdens?" this corresponds with which principle?
Justice