Range of Motion
What is the normal range of motion for shoulder flexion?
0-180 degrees
What is the largest bone in the human body?
The Femur
What is the purpose of manual muscle testing in occupational therapy?
To assess the strength and function of a muscle or muscle group to determine the extent of weakness or impairment.
This is the process of breaking down an activity into steps to examine the skills required.
Activity Analysis
Who founded the occupational therapy program at Howard University?
Naomi B.Wright
What are three precautions (*excluding pain and inflammation) for performing the ROM screening)
Taking pain medications or muscle relaxants, marked osteoporosis or bone fragility, hypermobile joint, Hemophilia, in the region of hematoma, bony anklyosis, recently healed fracture, prolonged immobilization of joint.
Name the three major types of muscle tissue in the human body
Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle
Where should resistance be applied while assessing Manual Muscle Testing?
Resistance needs to be applied directly opposite the “line of pull” of the muscles being tested
This category of performance skills includes coordination, strength, and endurance needed to complete an activity.
Motor Skills
What is the purpose of a SOAP note in OT documentation & what does the acronym stand for?
To provide a structured way to document client progress. Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan
What are the gravity-eliminated ROM actions that should be assessed in the supine position?
Shoulder abduction/adduction, hip abduction/adduction (4)
Which rotator cuff muscle is responsible for initiating shoulder abduction, and what nerve innervates it?
The supraspinatus muscle; innervated by the suprascapular nerve
What is the purpose of joint stabilization during Manual Muscle Testing?
To avoid unnecessary compensation.
This is the term for modifying an activity to increase or decrease difficulty to match a client’s ability level.
Grading
When performing a sit-to-stand transfer, which primary muscle group is responsible for knee extension, and what type of muscle contraction occurs during the upward movement?
The quadriceps muscle group; concentric contraction.
(quadriceps shorten while generating force to extend the knee during the upward movement.)
What are all gravity-eliminated ROM actions that should be conducted in side-lying position?
Shoulder Flexion/Extension, Hip Flexion/Extension, Knee flexion/extension
A patient has difficulty extending their wrist and fingers after a mid-humeral fracture. Which nerve is likely injured?
The radial nerve
During the MMT for shoulder flexion, a patient scored a 4-/5. What does this performance indicate according to the Key to Muscle Grading Scale?
The patient was able to hold the test position against slight to moderate pressure.
The environment, tools, and social expectations that influence how an activity is performed fall under this category of analysis.
Contextual and Environmental factors?
Which two people are known as the mother and father of occupational therapy?
Dr. William Rush Dunton Jr and Eleanor Clarke Slagle
What are all 8 ROM actions that should be assessed at the shoulder region?
Elevation, Depression, Flexion, Extension, ABDuction, ADDuction, Internal Rotation, Lateral Rotation
Which nerve of the brachial plexus innervates most of the intrinsic hand muscles, and what functional deficit occurs if this nerve is damaged at the elbow?
The ulnar nerve results in "claw hand" due to weakness in the lumbrical and interossei
While completing MMT for hip adduction, the patient was unable to complete the motion while in the supine position. What numerical and descriptive grade did he receive?
2-/5, Poor
This OT model emphasizes the relationship between the person, environment, and occupation when analyzing activities.
Person-Environment-Occupation [PEO] Model?
OTs use activity analysis to assess and modify tasks for clients. Describe the key steps of activity analysis and explain how they can be applied to help a client who suffered a hemiparesis perform dressing independently.
Activity analysis breaks down a task, identifies required skills, and adapts it to the client’s needs.
For a client with hemiparesis, an OT may use one-handed dressing techniques, adaptive equipment (e.g., button hook, Velcro), and positioning strategies to promote independence.