Structure and function are related
How does energy transfer through the food chain?
Energy is transferred through the food chain when organisms consume one another. Producers (plants) capture energy from the sun through photosynthesis, and herbivores consume these plants for energy.
How does the structure of red blood cells relate to their function in the body?
Red blood cells have a biconcave shape, which increases their surface area for the efficient exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)
What is the most compelling piece of evidence for evolution, and why?
Fossil evidence is often considered the most compelling evidence for evolution.
What is a chemical unit in chemistry?
A chemical unit refers to the smallest entity in chemistry that retains the properties of a substance and participates in chemical reactions
How does the process of cellular respiration illustrate the transformation
Cellular respiration converts chemical energy stored in glucose into usable energy (ATP).
Why do plant cells have cell walls, and how does this relate to their function?
Plant cells have rigid cell walls made of cellulose, which provide structural support and help maintain the shape of the plant.
How do homologous structures provide evidence for common ancestry?
Homologous structures are body parts in different species that have a similar structure but may serve different functions.
What is the difference between an atom and a molecule as chemical units?
An atom is the basic unit of an element and cannot be broken down further without changing its chemical identity.
What role does the process of photosynthesis play in the transfer of energy?
Photosynthesis captures light energy from the sun and converts it into chemical energy stored in glucose.
How does the structure of the mitochondrion support its function in cellular respiration?
The inner membrane is folded into cristae, which increases surface area for the enzymes involved in cellular respiration.
How does genetic evidence support the theory of evolution?
Genetic evidence, such as the comparison of DNA sequences, reveals similarities between species that indicate a shared ancestry.
How does the mole concept relate to chemical units?
6.022 × 10²³
How do the nitrogen and carbon cycles illustrate the transfer and transformation of matter in ecosystems?
The nitrogen cycle involves the transformation of nitrogen from the atmosphere into forms that can be used by plants, and the carbon cycle involves the movement of carbon through the atmosphere, living organisms, and the Earth.
How does the structure of a leaf help with photosynthesis?
The presence of chloroplasts containing chlorophyll in the cells allows the leaf to capture light energy, which is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose through photosynthesis.
How do embryological similarities between species serve as evidence for evolution?
Embryological development in many species shows striking similarities in the early stages, even in organisms that are very different as adults.
Can a single atom be considered a chemical unit, and why?
Yes, a single atom can be considered a chemical unit, particularly when it is an element in its simplest form.
How does the process of digestion transform matter and energy for use in the body?
Digestion breaks down food into simpler molecules, such as glucose and amino acids, that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.
Why are the alveoli in the lungs designed to be so small and numerous?
The small, numerous alveoli create a large surface area for gas exchange, which allows for the efficient transfer of oxygen into the blood and the removal of carbon dioxide from the body.
What role does observable evolution, such as in the case of antibiotic resistance, play in supporting the theory of evolution?
Observable evolution, like the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, shows how populations can change rapidly in response to environmental pressures.
How does the concept of a chemical unit help in understanding chemical reactions?
Understanding the concept of chemical units allows chemists to predict and explain how substances will interact in a reaction. Chemical units such as atoms, molecules, ions, and formula units provide a framework for balancing equations, determining stoichiometry, and understanding reaction mechanisms.