Treatment Effects
This drug is known to provide rapid antidepressant effects
Ketamine
Most psychedelics activate this neurotransmitter
Serotonin
This DEA classification is assigned to most psychedelic substances and indicates what?
Schedule I; High abuse potential with no currently accepted medical use
These 2 states have decriminalized psilocybin by reducing the penalties for its possession and personal use
Colorado and Oregon
Many studies have found a significant reduction in depressive symptoms with the use of psychedelics, when combined with this intervention
Psychotherapy
This drug has been found to be highly effective in treating PTSD
MDMA
MDMA's reward properties are dependent on this neurotransmitter
Dopamine
This drug earned a Breakthrough Therapy designation from the FDA
MDMA
This is where “The Therapeutic Use of Psychedelic Drugs: Legal, Policy and Neuroscientific Perspectives” symposium took place
American University
True or False: Ketamine's antidepressant properties are attributed entirely to its hallucinogenic effects
False; Comparable symptom reduction was observed when ketamine was administered to MDD patients under general anesthesia
These 3 psychiatric/medical conditions are shown to improve through the use of psychedelic therapy
Anxiety, PTSD, suicidality, treatment resistant depression, Major Depressive Disorder, bipolar depression, illness related distress, alcohol use disorder, racial trauma
This is the primary mechanism of action of psychedelics
Psychedelics produce desynchronization of neural activity that alters communications within and between different brain networks
This is what the Oregon Psilocybin Services Act legalized
Public/recreational access to psilocybin for adults 21 and older under the supervision of licensed practitioners
Why is it difficult to develop consensus around ethical rules in psychedelic therapy practice?
Practitioners with differing backgrounds/experiences with psychedelics have diverging ideas of virtuous traits
This is one's mindset and the physical or social environment in which drug therapy takes place
Set and setting
These are 3 outcomes of psychedelic-assisted therapy
Increased neuroplasticity, improved emotional processing, trauma resolution
This metabolite of psilocybin is responsible for its psychedelic effects, and its IV infusion is being studied for enhanced precision and control of drug effects
Psilocyn
This federal law that passed in 1970 halted most clinical research on psychedelics for decades due to societal fears and stigma
The Controlled Substances Act
These are the legal requirements to become a practitioner of psychedelic therapy
There is little agreement about training requirements and licensing criteria for practitioners from different domains
The transient nature of this drug's benefits calls for consistent dosing (typically 2–3 times per week for 2–4 weeks) to maintain longer-term clinical benefits
Ketamine
The process of failed blinding to conditions, allowing expectations to become unequally distributed between groups, potentially inflating treatment effects in experimental settings
Activated expectancy bias
LSD and psilocybin reduce connectivity within this brain network, which is associated with self-reflection
The default mode network (DMN)
The act of patenting treatments from traditional healing and religious practices, allowing corporations to monopolize, exploit and profit from indigenous communities without permission, sufficient recognition, or compensation
Biopiracy
This concept is based on the belief that the effects of psychedelic drugs are so profound that normal rules don't apply, making it easier for clinicians to establish themselves as “spiritual gurus” potentially resulting in the relaxation of professional boundaries.
Psychedelic exceptionalism
These are 3 current limitations in psychedelic therapy research
Trials have small sample sizes, do not look at outcomes longitudinally, limited generalizability of results, lack of adequate control groups, ethical concerns, DEA classification, gaps in understanding of the mechanisms that underlie efficacy