Skull Positioning
A radiograph of a PA skull demonstrates the petrous ridges in this location.
What is filling the orbits?
This is the most commonly used positioning line.
What is the OML?
This projection places the petrous ridges in the lower 1/3 of the orbits to better demonstrate the frontal bone and frontal sinuses.
What is the PA Axial Caldwell method?
Places the top of the head flat against the image receptor.
What is the SMV?
The central ray exists this location when performing the AP Axial Towne method.
This projection best demonstrates the occipital bone.
What is the AP Axial Towne method?
The three positioning lines used for lateral skull positioning are the:
What is MSP, IPL, and the IOML?
The "PA" in the Waters method doesn't stand for posteroanterior. It stands for this.
What is parietoacanthial?
This is the only projection that clearly demonstrates all four sinuses.
What is the lateral sinus?
This is the correct central ray location for the lateral facial bones.
What is the zygoma? (Cheek prominence)
This degree and direction of CR angulation for the PA axial skull is necessary to demonstrate the orbits without superimposition.
What is 30 degrees caudal?
This positioning line travels from underneath the nose to the external acoustic meatus.
What is the AML?
The OML forms this angle with the IR when performing the parietoacanthial Waters method projection.
What is 37 degrees?
This projection, when properly performed, projects the posterior clinoid processes and the dorsum sellae in the foramen magnum.
What is the AP Axial Towne method?
The central ray exists the PA skull in this location.
What is the glabella?
When positioning a PA Axial Caldwell method for the skull, the central ray angle is this.
What is perpendicular?
The SMV requires this positioning line to be parallel to the IR.
What is the IOML?
The modified parietoacanthial for the facial and nasal bones places the OML at this angle to the IR?
What is 55 degrees?
This projection requires a combination of head tilt and CR angle to equal 25 degrees cepahlic.
What is the axiolateral (oblique) mandible?
The central ray for the PA Axial, Caldwell method exits at this location?
What is the nasion?
The acronym SMV stands for this.
What is submentovertex?
This positioning line travels between the forehead and the chin.
What is the GAL?
The parietoacanthial open-mouth Waters method best demonstrates this sinus.
This projection starts with the patient in a true lateral. The patient's head is then rotated 15 degrees towards the IR. The central ray is angled 15 degrees cephalic, entering 1.5 inches superior to the upside external auditory meatus.
What is the axiolateral oblique TMJ (Modified Law)?
The central ray enters a location of 2.5 inches distal to mentum, approximately 3/4" anterior to the level of the EAM for this projection.
What is the SMV?