The Neuron
This insulating layer of fatty material that wraps around the nerve axon is attacked by the body in diseases like Multiple Sclerosis.
What is the Myelin Sheath?
The physical traits that are expressed in a particular human body.
What is a phenotype?
This term refers to an organism’s genetic makeup, or the specific combination of alleles it inherits from its parents.
What is a genotype?
Parasomnia is unusual sleep behavior. This other -somnia is when somebody struggles to fall asleep
What is Insomnia?
These are fully developed at birth and help infants recognize their mother, see their surroundings, and taste new foods.
What are babies' senses?
The process where neurotransmitters carry signals across the gap between two neurons
What is Synaptic Transmission?
The specific, fixed physical location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome.
What is a Locus?
This type of genetic trait only requires one copy of an allele from a parent to appear in an organism’s phenotype.
What is a dominant trait?
REM stands for this, the stage where the heaviest and most vivid dreaming is one.
What is Rapid Eye Movement?
This type of development includes milestones such as rolling at about 2 months, crawling by 8–10 months, and walking around 15 months.
What are motor skills?
This chemical substance is released at the end of a neuron when a nerve impulse arrives, allowing signals to pass to another neuron.
What are Neurotransmitters?
This is a different variation of a gene that can influence traits such as eye color or blood type.
What is an allele?
The Twins Studies looked into this statistic, the likelihood two people will be similar to each other on some characteristic.
What is a concordance rate?
This internal biological clock helps regulate sleep, wakefulness, and other daily bodily functions.
What is a circadian rhythm?
Beginning in the womb, this process involves the cortex producing more neurons than needed, with rapid growth especially from birth to age 1.
What is brain development?
This tiny space between neurons is where neurotransmitters travel to send signals.
What is the Synaptic Gap or Synaptic Cleft?
The complete sequence of DNA that contains the genetic instructions for an organism.
What is a genome?
These traits only appear when two identical alleles are inherited, one from each parent, and are often hidden when paired with a trait stronger than it.
What is a recessive trait?
Although most people have about 4–6 dreams each night, they forget roughly this percentage of them.
What is 90%?
In Erik Erikson’s first psychosocial stage, this develops when caregivers consistently respond to an infant’s needs.
What is trust vs. mistrust?
The human brain contains about this many neurons, roughly matching a 2025 valuation of DoorDash in USD
What is ~85-86 Billion?
The human genome contains about this many base pairs of DNA, about the same amount of pennies produced in 2024.
What is 3.2 billion base pairs?
A red and a white flower being bred, and creating a pink flower, is an example of this.
What is incomplete dominance?
College students across the United States get an average of this many hours of sleep each night.
What is 6.5?
This type of development is shown when infants around 3 months treat non-parental figures differently and around 8 months begin showing stranger anxiety.
What is social/emotional development?