Reproductive Cycle & Fetal Development
The hormone that surges to trigger ovulation.
What is luteinizing hormone (LH)?
Tip: LH spike follows estrogen from the dominant follicle.
This is the most common chronic illness of childhood, characterized by airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and mucus production.
What is asthma?
This simple intervention prevents convection heat loss by shielding the newborn from drafts caused by fans or open windows.
What is closing doors and windows or moving the crib away from drafts?
Tip: Know 4 mechanisms of heat loss / promoting thermoregulation
Crepitus and decreased movement of an arm after shoulder dystocia — likely diagnosis?
What is clavicle fracture?
Tip: Check asymmetric Moro and distal pulses.
Simple rule to estimate due date from LMP (how many weeks total?).
What is 40 weeks (Naegele’s rule)?
Tip: LMP + 7 days − 3 months (approx).
Phase of the uterine cycle after ovulation, dominated by progesterone.
What is the luteal (secretory) phase?
Tip: Corpus luteum → progesterone → prepare endometrium.
This chronic condition, often seen in premature infants with a history of respiratory distress syndrome, is diagnosed when oxygen supplementation is required beyond 28 days of age.
What is chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia)?
Two bedside signs that should prompt point-of-care glucose check.
What are jitteriness and poor feeding?
Tip: Check glucose early — signs can be nonspecific.
Regular uterine contractions with cervical change occurring before 37 weeks gestation defines this diagnosis.
What is preterm labor?
A woman with a pre-pregnancy BMI of 21 should gain this much weight during pregnancy.
What is 25–35 pounds?
Weeks when major organ formation (organogenesis) primarily occurs — the highest teratogen risk window.
What is weeks 3–8 (embryonic period)?
Tip: Counsel about exposures in early pregnancy.
An infant who presents with meconium ileus, salty-tasting skin, poor weight gain, and frequent respiratory infections should be evaluated for this autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation on chromosome 7.
What is cystic fibrosis?
Jaundice appearing within 24 hours suggests what?
What is pathologic hyperbilirubinemia (investigate hemolysis)?
Tip: Early onset is abnormal — get a bilirubin level.
An infant whose birth weight is greater than the 90th percentile for gestational age meets the diagnosis of this growth category.
What is large for gestational age (LGA)?
Maria is a 32-year-old woman who presents for her first prenatal visit. She had one spontaneous abortion at 10 weeks 3 years ago. She delivered twins at 35 weeks, both living, 2 years ago. She delivered a singleton at 39 weeks, currently living, 1 year ago.
The patient's gravid and parity status is listed as this
G4P1113
The patient's LMP was 6 weeks ago. They have regularly occurring 28 day cycles. They have a positive pregnancy test today. This is their approximate gestational age today.
What is 6 weeks'?
A chloride concentration greater than 60 mEq/L on this diagnostic test confirms the presence of cystic fibrosis.
What is the sweat chloride test?
Physiologic circulatory change that increases pulmonary blood flow at birth.
What is decreased pulmonary vascular resistance after lung expansion?
Tip: First breaths cause pulmonary vasodilation.
Dry, peeling skin, long fingernails, meconium-stained fluid, and a thin, wasted appearance are common manifestations of this complication.
What is dysmaturity syndrome/post term pregnancy?
The patient presents to the prenatal clinic for their first prenatal visit. These are labs that the nurse should expect to draw (list 3).
CBC, HIV, HepC, HepB, RPR, Blood type, antibody screen, Rubella IgG, GCCT, UA/UC
This phase of the menstrual cycle begins on day 1 with menstruation and is dominated by the hormone estrogen, stimulating growth of ovarian follicles.
What is the follicular phase?
Infants with chronic lung disease are at risk for this serious cardiovascular complication, where pulmonary artery hypertension leads to right-sided heart failure.
What is cor pulmonale?
Explain briefly how cold stress in a neonate can lead to hypoglycemia (two-step physiologic link).
What is increased metabolic demand → nonshivering thermogenesis (brown fat) → increased glucose consumption → hypoglycemia?
Tip: Prevention (warmth) avoids this cascade.
Infants born post-term are at increased risk for this respiratory complication
What is meconium aspiration syndrome?
These signs of pregnancy include amenorrhea, nausea and vomiting, breast tenderness, and quickening—though none are considered definitive.
What are possible signs of pregnancy?