The Renaissance
In 1450, this man developed movable type
Johannes Gutenberg
The name of this category, when translated into French
"Contenance Angloise"
This word, meaning international or worldly, came to describe both the courts and music of 15th century Europe
cosmopolitan
This type of mass uses a head-motive as its primary linking device, beginning each movement with the same melodic motive
motto mass
These medieval dances were brought to an end by the generation of European composers born around the mid-15th century, as interest in imitative and homophonic textures grew
formes fixes
This theorist's Book on the Art of Counterpoint was published in 1477, and included a hierarchy of genres/styles
Johannes Tinctoris
this genre is a compilation of all the sections of a mass for organ
organ mass
This religious man believed that salvation was granted through faith alone
Martin Luther
In 1501, the first book of polyphonic music printed with movable type was published by this man, now immortalized on IMSLP
Ottaviano Petrucci
The contenance angloise used these two types of parallel intervals, resulting in pervasive consonance
Once in undergrad, Kate was asked to identify this iconic English/French improvisational technique involving parallel first inversion triads on a music theory exam, despite not having taken the corresponding music history survey yet. Her professor was nice, so she let Kate Google it, but Kate clearly still holds a grudge.
fauxbourdon (faburden)
This type of mass constructed all movements around the same tenor line, sometimes combining this technique with a head-motive for extra unity.
cantus firmus mass (or tenor mass)
Along with Ockeghem, this "B" composer was one of the most famous composers of the late 15th century.
Antoine Busnoys
This sacred genre of polyphony was considered an example of "high" style by Tinctoris.
polyphonic cyclic masses
From the Italian word for “to touch”, this is a virtuosic
keyboard piece in improvisatory style first written in the 16th century
toccata
Renaissance Christians could pay endowments in exchange for these acts of the Church that would shorten the person's time in purgatory
indulgences
This was the dominant discipline of the humanities in the Renaissance
rhetoric
English composers' preference for simple melodies, regular phrasing, syllabic text setting, and homorhythmic textures is rooted in polyphony from this century.
13th century
This form of cadence is constituted by a major 6th that expands to an octave
Landini cadence
also called a parody mass, this form of mass composition uses the musical material of a preexisting polyphonic work.
imitation mass
later 15th century chanson featured a blend of traditional and new features, combining the formes fixes with an increased use of this "echoey" texture/compositional device.
imitation
Famous for his bass voice and 13 cyclic masses, this Franco-Flemish composer was frequently emulated by his peers, who often used his music as a cantus firmus.
Ockeghem
This is an ensemble consisting of 3-7 similar instruments
consort
these strophic translations of Biblical texts were set in the vernacular and featured mostly stepwise motion
metrical psalms
Thanks to this cultural movement, both language and music began to be seen as innately expressive
humanism
This composer/mathematician/astronomer's harmonies and asymmetrical rhythms are now understood as the pinnacle of the "English Manner"
John Dunstable
This composer, despite having a shorter career than Du Fay, had his work recopied more frequently in the 1420s and 30s, leading historians to believe that he had a greater and more direct musical impact on culture.
Gilles Binchois
One of Josquin's last works, this paraphrase mass was written in 1515 using the melodic material from a chant traditionally sung during second vespers on the feast of corpus christi
Missa pange lingua
This composer was widely recognized as the "Prince of Music" during his lifetime, and has had a lasting impact on Renaissance polyphony
Josquin <3
In grad school, Kate had to learn how to read this form of renaissance notation, in which the rhythmic relationship of various notes changed depending on what notes came before or after it.
mensural notation
Written as an advertisement, this collection of dance songs was marketed toward amateur performers
the danserye
These were the two principle forms of Anglican music developed during the Renaissance
Service and Anthem
This European nation is often understood to have been in conversation with the rest of Europe's musical cultures during the Renaissance
England
This poet, claric, and secretary to Amadeus VIII praised both Du Fay and Binchois in his 1442 poem "Champion of Women"
Martin Le Franc (1410-1461)
This Burgundian leader lost a multinational war and ended the Burgundian state. (Oops!)
Charles the Bold
In 1453, Du Fay wrote a cantus-firmus mass based on this ballade from the 1430s
Se la face ay pale
This composer wrote the first mass based on secular music to honor the acquisition of the Holy Shroud (or Shroud of Turin) by his patron
Du Fay
also known as a mensuration canon, this type of canon involves multiple voices singing the same melody at different speeds
prolation canon
This is a large brass instrument made possible by the development of bent tubing
This man, along with William Byrd, had a two decade long monopoly on music publishing in England thanks to Elizabeth I
Thomas Tallis