Courts
A criminal court cannot hear a case involving a civil issue due to this concept.
What is jurisdiction?
This refers to the amount of money a defendant must post to be released from custody pending trial.
What is bail?
According to this rule, evidence illegally seized by police is inadmissible in court.
What is the exclusionary rule?
According to this rule, evidence obtained illegally, but that would have eventually been discovered during the course of a normal investigation by lawful means, is admissible in court.
What is the inevitable discovery rule?
Escobedo v. Illinois established the right to this during police interrogations.
What is to have legal counsel present?
A defendant who represents themselves in court uses this.
What is a pro se defense?
In exchange for a fee, this person puts up money to gain a defendant's release pending trial.
What is a bail bondsperson or bail bond agent?
Police may not do this in order for something to be considered in plain view.
What is move items around?
When police arrest a person, they may search this.
What is within one arm's reach?
A 2011 study found that offenders with these characteristics were more likely to confess.
What is guilty feelings, lack of legal advice, and strong police evidence?
This plea is Latin for "I will not contest it."
What is nolo contendere?
The number of citizens who serve on this is often 23.
What is a grand jury?
This exists when officers have greater than 50% certainty of guilt for an arrest or greater than 50% certainty that the evidence will be found for a search.
What is probable cause?
This type of search is the most common type of warrantless search.
What is search incident to lawful arrest?
This is prohibited during police interrogations.
What is physical abuse and inherent coercion?
An attorney who is concerned with finding an impartial jury in a particular jurisdiction may request this.
What is a change a venue?
During this proceeding, a defendant is formally charged with a crime and he/she enters a plea.
What is arraignment?
This case lowered the standard required for pat-downs.
What is Terry v. Ohio?
For police to search a car, one of these three things must occur.
What is the person is arrested, the person consents, or police have probable cause?
In this case, the Supreme Court ruled police must advise criminal suspects of their rights before being interrogated.
What is Miranda v. Arizona?
In Gideon v. Wainright, the Supreme Court ruled that indigent defendants charged with a felony in state courts have the right to this.
What is the right to counsel?
The purpose of this step is to decide whether there is probable cause to bind a defendant over for trial.
What is a preliminary hearing or a grand jury hearing?
This rule allows evidence that was collected illegally to be admitted at trial if the police had good reason to believe their actions were legal.
What is the good faith exception?
Police may pat a person down for a concealed weapon on the basis of this.
What is reasonable suspicion?
In Ashcraft v. Tennessee, the Supreme Court said that confessions obtained by this are not voluntary and are therefore inadmissible in court.
What is around-the-clock interrogation?