Cardiomyopathy
Infective Endocarditis
Myocarditis
Pericarditis
Valvular Heart Disease
100
Name two clinical manifestations of dilated cardiomyopathy?
Fatigue, weakness, palpitations, dyspnea, n/v, anorexia
100
What is a common cause of Infective Endocarditis?
Staphylococcus aureus & Staphylococcus viridian
100
What is Myocarditis
Focal or diffuse inflammation of the myocardium.
100
What is the most common cause of acute pericarditis?
Most often idiopathic with a variety of suspected viral causes Most common viral cause is Coxsackie B virus
100
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?
rheumatic fever
200
What is the most common type of cardiomyopathy: dilated, hypertrophic or restrictive?
Dilated cardiomyopathy
200
What is Infective Endocarditis?
Infection of the endocardial layer of the heart.
200
Use this drug cautiously in patients with Myocarditis, because the condition pre exposes patients to drug related dysrhythmias and toxicity?
Digoxin
200
What medications can cause pericarditis?
procainamide (Pronestyl), hydralazine (Apresoline)
200
Atrial fibrillation is a common manifestation that only occurs with what type of valvular heart disease ?
Mitral Stenosis
300
What is the primary diagnostic test to confirm hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Echocardiogram
300
How does Infective Endocarditis occur?
When blood turbulence within the heart allows the causative organism to infect previously damaged valves.
300
What are the early systemic manifestations of the viral illness Myocarditis? Name three of them.
Fever, fatigue, malaise, myalgias, pharyngitis, dyspnea, lymphadenopothy, and nausea/vomiting
300
What are two major complications of pericarditis?
Cardiac tamponade and pericardial effusion
300
A client with mitral stenosis is scheduled for mitral valve replacement. Which condition may arise as a complication of mitral stenosis?
Pulmonary hypertension
400
What major condition does cardiomyopathy often lead to?
Heart failure
400
What are vascular manifestations of IE?
Splinter hemorrhages, petechiae, & Osler's nodes (painful, tender, red or purple pea size lesions)
400
How is histologic confirmation of Myocarditis made?
An endomyocardial biopsy
400
What are the clinical manifestations of pericarditis?
Progressive frequently severe, sharp chest pains generally worse with deep inspiration or lying supine, patient may be seen trying to sit up and lean forward to breath. Pain may mimic angina.
400
Name two overall goals for the patient with valve disease.
1) Normal heart function. 2) Improved activity tolerance. 3) An understanding of the disease process and health maintenance measures.
500
Hypertrophic CMP is most commonly diagnosed in what type of people?
Active, athletic individuals
500
What is some nursing management of IE?
Assess vital signs together with heart sounds to detect murmur, change in preexisting murmur, and extra sounds.
500
How many days after infection begins do early cardiac signs take place?
7-10 days
500
What is the hallmark of pericarditis?
Pericardial friction rub (scratching grating, high pitched sound thought to be caused by the rubbing of the pericardial and epicardial surfaces).
500
True/False: Biologic valves are more durable and last longer than Mechanical Prosthetic valves.
False
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