History of ABA & Function
True or false... Behaviorism is a 'newer' science. Started studying in the 1900s
TRUE
Define Behavior
Anything someone says or does
Does reinforcement increase or decrease behavior?
Always Increases!
Does punishment increase or decrease behavior?
decrease
What 3 letters make up the "3 term contingency"
A-B-C
Name one scientist that helped our understanding of human behavior?
Skinner, Watson, Pavlov, Lovaas,
Is "not listening" a behavior?
No--- its lack of behavior
Give an example of positive reinforcement
Introduction of a stimulus and increase in behavior
Give an example of positive punishment
Introduce a stimulus to decrease behavior- reprimand
What does the A in (ABC) stand for?
Antecedent
7
B-
A-
T-
C-
A-
G-
E-
What two requirements are there for something to be considered a behavior? It has to be ____ and _____.
Observable- you can see it
Measurable- you can take data on it
Give an example of negative reinforcement
removal of stimulus to increase behavior
Give an example of negative punishment
removing a stimulus to decrease behavior- parking ticket
What is another name for antecedent?
Trigger, Discriminitive stimulus
What scientists studied rats pressing levers to learn that behaviors can be teachable?
Skinner
What is the "dead man's test" ?
A way to check if something is a behavior or not.
In order for something to be "reinforcing" or be a "reinforcer" what has to occur?
the behavior has to increase
False- supports should always start with positive approaches first (reinforcement) regardless of behavior.
A- You see its raining outside
B- You put on a rain jacket
C- You stay warm and use rainjackets in the future when you see rain
What kind of consequence has occurred?
Negative Reinforcement
What are the "two" functions of behavior?
Escape & Gain (lets talk about this though)
Describe the state of "being hungry" using objective behavior instead?
-Someone grabbing their stomach
-Stomach growling
-Sitting at the table
What is the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers?
Secondary-- learned (money, stickers, good job)
What should you always have implemented if a punishment contingency is part of your intervention?
A reinforcement contingency too.
A- You see the sun is out shining
B- You put sunscreen on your skin
C- you do not get sunburnt
What consequence occurred in this scenario?
Unknown--- we do not know if the behavior happened more or not in the future (TRICK)