Words
Refers to the choice of words a writer uses.
What is diction?
The art of using persuasive language; analyzing all the choices involving language that a writer, speaker, reader, or listener might make so that the text becomes meaningful, purposeful, and effective
What is rhetoric?
This fallacy works by moving from a seemingly benign premise or starting point and working through a number of small steps to an improbable extreme.
What is a slippery slope?
Using a word or expression in a non literal way
What is figurative language?
This is a softer form of sarcasm and shares with it the contrast between apparent and real meaning
What is irony?
The precise, literal meaning of a word
What is denotation?
The writer's attempt to convince his reader to agree with him; based upon appeals to reason and evidence
What is argumentation?
Womeone attacks a position the opponent doesn’t really hold instead of contending with the actual argument
What is a strawman fallacy?
An example of this type of figurative speech is when the poet Robert Frost states "I have been acquainted with the night," meaning that he has survived despair.
What is a metaphor?
A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule
What is a parody?
Words that refer to things that are tangible, visible, or otherwise physically evident
What is concrete?
Refers to facts, documentation or testimony used to strengthen a claim
What is evidence?
This argument just repeats what has already been assumed beforehand; it’s not arriving at any new conclusion.
What is a circular argument?
When human qualities are attributed to objects, abstractions, or animals
What is personification?
The use of wit and humor in order to ridicule society's weaknesses so as to correct them
What is satire?
An idea or feeling a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning
What is connotation?
The underlying connection between the claim and evidence, or why the evidence supports the claim
What is the warrant?
A general statement without sufficient evidence to support it; it is made out of a rush to have a conclusion, leading the arguer to commit some sort of illicit assumption, stereotyping, unwarranted conclusion, overstatement, or exaggeration.
What is a hasty generalization?
This figure of speech involves exaggeration for the sake of emphasis
What is hyperbole?
The sentence, "I just love changing tires in the pouring rain!" is an example of this.
What is sarcasm?
The repetition of a group of words at the beginning of successive clauses
What is anaphora?
A model of argumentation that includes a claim, evidence, warrant, backing, counter-argument, and qualifier
What is the Toulmin Model of argument?
This fallacy is a distraction from the argument typically with some sentiment that seems to be relevant but isn’t really on-topic. This tactic is common when someone doesn’t like the current topic and wants to detour into something else instead, something easier or safer to address.
What is a red herring fallacy?
This sentence provides an example: "At exam time, the high school student was as busy as a bee."
What is a simile?
A picture, description, or imitation of a person in which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque effect.
What is a caricature?