Civil Liberties
a statement of fundamental rights and privileges
What is Bill of Rights?
Southern laws which separated the races after Plessy v. Ferguson
What are the Jim Crow Laws?
Right to be free from discrimination in states to have due process of law, to have equal protection of the law
What is the Amendment 14?
The Court ruled that in state trials, those who cannot afford an attorney will have one provided by the state, overturning Betts v. Brady. The question before the court was about Sovereignty immunity.
What is Gideon vs. Wainwright?
Created to keep elastic clause from being stretched, and to restrict governmental powers. Overlooked during McCulloch VS. Maryland case. During the civil war, supremacy clause guaranteed that the union could not be dissolved.
What is the Supremacy Clause?
14th amendment clause stating that no state may deprive a person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
What is Due Process Clause?
NAACP attorney who argued for desegregation in Brown v. Board of Education
Who is Thurgood Marshall?
Women's Suffrage
What is Amendment 19?
case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled (7-0) that compulsory school attendance law was unconstitutional when applied to the Amish, because it violated their rights under the First Amendment, which guaranteed the free exercise of religion.
What is Wisconsin vs. Yonder?
18-year-old right to vote
What is Amendment 26?
A criminal act against a person or a person's property by an offender motivated by racial or other bias
What is a Hate Crime?
NAACP secretary who prompted the Montgomery Bus Boycott by refusing to give up her seat in 1955
Who is Rosa Parks?
Abolition of slavery Outlawed
What is Amendment 13?
The court established its role as the arbiter of the constitutionality of federal laws, the principle is known as judicial review.
What is Marbury vs. Madison?
The powers, also called enumerated or expressed powers, that are specifically granted to the federal government by the constitution.
What are Delegated powers?
a tort consisting of false and malicious publication printed for the purpose of defaming a living person
What is a Libel?
MLK's idea of using peaceful non-violent disobedience to work for civil rights
What is Soul Force?
Freedom of Religion, Press, Speech, Assembly, Petition
What is Amendment 1?
The Court ruled that wearing black armbands in protest of the Vietnam War was symbolic speech, protected by the First Amendment. The question before the court was of about the 1st Amendment.
What is Tinker vs. De Moines?
The principle, guaranteed in the constitution, that the state and federal governments must not deprive an individual of life, liberty, or property by unfair or unreasonable actions.
What is Due Process?
Made it a crime to criticize the government or government officials. Opponents claimed that it violated citizens' rights to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, guaranteed by the First Amendment.
What is the Sedition Act?
Arkansas governor who defied the Supreme Court until Eisenhower sent in paratroopers to enforce desegregation
Who is Orval Faubus?
Right to a jury trial in civil cases
What is Amendment 7?
The courts ruled that the states cannot tax the federal government, i.e. the Bank of the United States; the phrase "the power to tax is the power to destroy"; federal government is supreme to the states (supremacy clause); confirmed the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States (elastic clause).
What is McCulloch vs. Maryland?
The act of bringing a person to trial a second time for the same crime.
Double Jeopardy!!!!!!!!!!!! GET IT!!?!?!?!?!?!??!??!?!?!?