GRAVITY BASICS
The force that pulls objects toward Earth
Gravity
The two ends of a magnet are called these
Poles
Electromagnets need this to work
Electric current/electricity
Energy stored because of height
Potential energy
A force that acts without touching
Non-contact force
Mass stays the same on the Moon, but this changes
Weight
What a compass detects
Magnetic field
Increasing the number of coils usually does this to an electromagnet
Makes it stronger
As an object falls, this type of energy increases
Kenetic energy
The best type of evidence for a magnetic field is a magnet moving an object without this
Touching/contact
A planet with more mass will usually have this kind of gravity compared to a smaller planet
Stronger gravity
Magnetic force gets weaker as this increases
Distance
Iron is commonly used inside electromagnets because it does this
Strengthens/concentrates the magnetic field
Two rocks fall from the same height. The heavier one has more of this before falling
Potential energy
A student changes two variables at once in an experiment. This makes it hard to know this
Which variable caused the result
An astronaut jumps on Planet X and barely leaves the ground. This suggests Planet X has this compared to Earth
Stronger gravity/more gravitational force
A bar magnet breaks into two pieces. What happens?
Both pieces become smaller magnets with north and south poles
A crane electromagnet stops working the moment the power goes out because electromagnets require this
Electric current/electricity
A 20 kg boulder and a 5 kg boulder sit at the same height. Which one has more gravitational potential energy?
The 20 kg boulder
A student wants to test whether distance affects magnetic force. Name one variable they should keep the same
Accept: same magnet, same paper clips, same materials, same angle, etc.
Earth and Mars both pull on an astronaut. Earth pulls harder mainly because Earth has this
Greater mass
A student says magnets attract all metals. Why is that claim incorrect?
Only certain metals are magnetic
An electromagnet with 20 coils picks up 8 paper clips. After increasing to 80 coils, it picks up 29. What conclusion should be made?
Increasing coil number increases electromagnet strength
A heavy ax is dropped from two different cliffs. It hits the ground harder from the taller cliff because it started with more of this
Gravitational potential energy/potential energy
A scientist wants strong evidence that coil number affects electromagnet strength. Why is testing several different coil numbers better than testing only two?
More trials/data make the pattern more reliable/easier to identify