INTRO
INFECTIOUS + INFLAMMATORY
MEDS
VALVULAR
CORONARY + PERIPHERAL
200
Serous fluid in between this cardiac tissue layer, helps in reducing friction.
Pericardium
200
Three weeks into a recent strep infection, a child presents with a spotty red rash on chest, fever, pericardial friction rub and these involuntary jerky movements.
Chorea
200
This medication has a negative chronotropic action and a positive ionotropic action.
Digoxin
200
A narrowing of the opening in the aortic valve, will cause an increase in cardiac cath pressure in the left ventricle and, based on a CXR, will cause this to the left ventricle.
Enlargement.
200
Symptoms coronary occlusion usually do not occur until at least this percentage of the arterial lumen is occluded.
60%
400
This gland is stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system to release Epi and NorEpi, in order to increase the HR.
Adrenal
400
Venous stasis, altered blood coagulation, and trauma to the vein are part of this triad.
Virchows
400
The period between ventricular diastole and repolarization are commonly prolonged by these two classes of medications. No partial credit.
Antidepressants + Antihistamines
400
This complex represents the electrical impulse as it travels through the AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers, and myocardial cells, ending with the ventricles contracting.
QRS Complex
400
This term is used to describe necrosis or cell death when severe ischemia is prolonged and causes irreversible damage to tissue.
Infarction.
600
These branches of the left anterior descending artery supply blood to the marjority of the anterior wall of the left ventricle.
Diagonal
600
Sign and symptoms of thrombophlebitis include heat, redness, swelling; capillary refill less than 2 seconds; fever; malaise; fatigue; anorexia and discomfort assessed by this sign.
Homans
600
This category of drugs, commonly used to treat valvular disorders, reduce atrial fibrillation by altering the action potential of cardiac cells and interfere with the heart’s electrical excitability.
Antiarrhythmics
600
The following image shows this dysrhythmia
Premature Ventricular Contraction / PVC
600
This occurs as a result of prolonged venous hypertension which results in waste products accumulating in the tissues, leading to edema, venous stasis ulcers, swelling, and cellulitis.
Venous insufficiency.
800
This heart sound is produced by rapid filling of the ventricles during diastole, and can be heard normally in children.
S3 / Ventricular Gallop
800
Pericarditis can present with signs and symptoms of decreased cardiac output and friction rub related to cardiac tamponade, and this clinical finding in which there is a 10 mm Hg difference between the 1st Korotkoff sound heard during inspiration and expiration.
Pulsus Paradoxus
800
Grapefruit should not be consumed with this class of antiarrhythmics.
Class 3 / K Channel Blockers
800
Signs and symptoms of aortic insufficiency include tachycardia, skin flushed or moist, systolic BP is high, palpitations when lying flat or on the left side, and this radial pulse that is characterized by starting strong, followed by a sudden collapse.
Water-Hammer / Corrigan Pulse
800
This type of angina is characterized by chest pain at rest r/t spasming of major coronary artery; commonly occurs in pts with a hx of migraines and Raynaud’s; may occur in absence of CAD; may have ST segment elevation.
Prinzmetal angina.
1000
Studies were done on a pt with cystic fibrosis to show an increased Na+ permeability. Further diagnostic tests show a SV of 60 ml. Upon administration of inotropic agents such as digoxin, this is to be expected of the rate and amplitude of the R wave on an ECG.
Decreased + Normalize / Level
1000
A nurse is caring for a new admit, who presents with dyspnea, tender erythematous nodules on the palms, fingers and toes, and a strong S1 heard at the apex, with an immediate audible decresendo. The nurse prioritizes a blood thinner over an ionotropic because of this pathophysiological reasoning.
ABCs. To prevent ARDS, r/t possibility of vegetations breaking off and becoming a PE.
1000
Newly admitted 75 year old patient with a PCN allergy is being treated for infective endocarditis, due to a recent strep infection. Current labs show a critically elevated BUN/Cr ratio. Medications records also show patient is on scheduled clopidogrel. Based on these findings, you would not suggest this alternative antibiotic.
Vancomycin
1000
A nurse is caring for a new admit, with complaints of dyspnea on exertion and a productive cough with pink and frothy sputum. A recent cardiac cath reading shows elevated pulmonary pressures. Based on these findings, this is to be expected of the systolic blood pressure.
Low / Decreased
1000
A nurse is caring for a new patient presenting with foot swelling; skin color is mottled; irregular shaped lesion; serous fluid under skin; moderately painful. Pulses difficult to palpate, with difficultly in assess pitting edema due to fluid. Two hours later, a code blue was called on the patient; with labs showing this cardiac marker.
Myoglobin