Clarifying the Philosophy
The key concepts are freedom and autonomy, trust, active cooperation and participation, and self-directed learning.
What is humanism?
What is individuality and potentiality?
Key to his theory is the notion of personal development through transformative learning experiences.
Who is Jack Mezirow?
This involves viewing learners as unique individuals who are responsible for directing their own educative process; the emphasis is on learning rather than teaching
What is student-centered?
A concept popularized by Malcolm Knowles to characterize the education of adults.
What is andragogy?
This group alone is responsible for bettering the state of human affairs.
Who are human beings?
The free autonomous person carries with it a strong sense of responsibility both to the self and to other people.
He is credited with establishing a “student-centered” versus teacher-centered approach.
Who is Carl Rogers?
Creating the conditions within which learning can take place; this involves providing a variety of resources for students to take responsible for engaging in learning in a group where each student can learn in a way that has the greatest meaning to him/her.
What is teacher as facilitator?
Carl Rogers’ belief that the learning process should be more independent.
What is self-directed learning?
This started as a protest against these philosophies in which at worst, the majority of individuals are antisocial, destructive, hostile and at best they are neither good nor bad.
What are Freudian and behaviorist philosophies?
Growth, self-transcendence; striving toward personal growth and realizing their unique potential.
What is self-actualization?
Humanism as a philosophy can be traced back to this Chinese philosopher and these two Greco-Roman thinkers.
Who are Confucious, Plato, Aristotle?
A highly personal endeavor that encourages learners to bring all of their uniqueness to a situation or problem, grapple with it, and to discover/learn what is most meaningful to them while doing so.
What is the act of learning?
Key to this theory is the notion of personal development that results in our perspective becoming more inclusive, open, and permeable.
What is transformative learning?
The ideal that we have free choice to do and think what we want.
What is free will?
The growth of self does not occur in isolation from others. In becoming a better human, individuals contribute to the betterment of this large group.
What is Humanity?
He believed that the goal of learning is self-actualization.
Who is Abraham Maslow?
The selection of content is included in the goal of assisting learners to grow and develop in accordance with their needs and interests.
What is curriculum?
David Kolb helped develop this modern student-centered theory, drawing heavily on the work of John Dewey, Kurt Lewin, and Jean Piaget.
What is experiential learning?
This foundational belief states that given a loving environment and freedom to develop, human beings will grow in a manner beneficial to themselves and society in general.
What is human nature is naturally good?
Educators are truly free creatures; behavior is not determined by external forces or internal urges, rather it is the consequence of human choices.
What is freedom and autonomy?
Often referred to as the father of Humanism.
Who is Francesco Petrarca?
This involves centering the learning around improving interpersonal relationships cultivated in a cooperative learning experience.
What is cooperation and groups?
This theory emphasizes the average person’s intrinsic interest in work, a desire to be self-directing and to seek responsibility, and the capacity to be creative in solving business problems.
What is Douglas McGregor's Theory Y?