1
Is it true that all students learn everything on the same level when they are in the same classroom?
False
Who is known for the development of classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
Empiricism is the philosophical view that knowledge is derived from
Experience and observation
Which type of constructivism focuses on how the learners organize new information by relating new experiences to their prior knowledge.
Psychological (cognitive) constructivism
Who is associated with radical behaviorism?
B.F. Skinner
What is the term for relatively permanent changes in behavior skills and knowledge are usually defined as?
Learning
What are the two basic models of behavioral learning?
Classical conditioning and operant conditioning
Rationalism asserts that knowledge is primarily gained through
Intuition and reasoning
What is the term for the ability to think about and regulate one’s own thinking, which also leads to self-direction of learning?
Metacognition
Who coined the term “behaviorism”?
John B. Watson
What is the term for the concept that traditionally refers to students’ preparedness to cope with schools’ expectations?
Readiness
In classical conditioning, what is the unconditioned response (UCR)?
Unlearned response
Which type of conditioning focuses on natural reflexes?
Classical
According to cognitive constructivism, learning is primarily influenced by:
Internal mental processes
Is it true that both Watson and Skinner both thought that behaviorism is a natural science?
True
What is the term for the ability to use the acquired knowledge or skills in situations beyond the ones they are acquired in?
Transfer
Is behaviorism theory an extension on rationalism or empiricism?
Empiricism
Which type of conditioning focuses on consequences?
Operant
Who is a key figure associated with cognitive constructivism?
Jean Piaget
Who thought that behavior and consciousness were mutually exclusive?
John B. Watson
Is it true that classroom social interactions always need to be resolved? If true, explain why you think so. If false, provide an example of when they shouldn’t be resolved.
False (classmates can both hinder or help individual students’ learning) + example from the team
According to social constructivism, learning is enhanced through __________ interactions and collaborative activities.
Social
Radical behaviorism, associated with B.F. Skinner, focuses on the role of __________ in shaping behavior.
Reinforcement
What did Vygotsky define as the difference between solo performance and assisted performance?
Zone of proximal development
Radical behaviorism emphasizes the role of __________ in shaping behavior.
Environmental stimuli